FreeBSD4.9 RELEASE下载[本站tigerking 兄已提供ftp下载]

 FreeBSD/i386 4.9-RELEASE Release Notes

 The FreeBSD Project

 Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 The FreeBSD Documentation Project

 $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/common/new.sgml,v
 1.22.2.386 2003/10/19 18:33:34 bmah Exp $

 The release notes for FreeBSD 4.9-RELEASE contain a summary of the changes
 made to the FreeBSD base system since 4.8-RELEASE. Both changes for kernel
 and userland are listed, as well as applicable security advisories for the
 base system that were issued since the last release. Some brief remarks on
 upgrading are also presented.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 Table of Contents

 1 Introduction

 2 What's New

 2.1 Security Advisories

 2.2 Kernel Changes

 2.2.1 Platform-Specific Hardware Support

 2.2.2 Boot Loader Changes

 2.2.3 Network Interface Support

 2.2.4 Network Protocols

 2.2.5 Disks and Storage

 2.2.6 File Systems

 2.2.7 PCCARD Support

 2.2.8 Multimedia Support

 2.3 Userland Changes

 2.4 Contributed Software

 2.5 Ports/Packages Collection Infrastructure

 2.6 Release Engineering and Integration

 3 Upgrading from previous releases of FreeBSD

1 Introduction

 This document contains the release notes for FreeBSD 4.9-RELEASE on the
 i386 hardware platform. It describes new features of FreeBSD that have
 been added (or changed) since 4.8-RELEASE. It also provides some notes on
 upgrading from previous versions of FreeBSD.

 This distribution of FreeBSD 4.9-RELEASE is a release distribution. It can
 be found at ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/ or any of its mirrors. More information
 on obtaining this (or other) release distributions of FreeBSD can be found
 in the ``Obtaining FreeBSD'' appendix in the FreeBSD Handbook.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

2 What's New

 This section describes the most user-visible new or changed features in
 FreeBSD since 4.8-RELEASE. Typical release note items document new drivers
 or hardware support, new commands or options, major bugfixes, or
 contributed software upgrades. Security advisories for the base system
 that were issued after 4.8-RELEASE are also listed.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 2.1 Security Advisories

 A remotely-exploitable buffer overflow vulnerability in sendmail has been
 fixed. For more details, see security advisory FreeBSD-SA-03:07. In
 FreeBSD 4.8-RELEASE, this vulnerability was fixed using a vendor-supplied
 patch (but too late for inclusion in the release notes). In FreeBSD
 4.9-RELEASE, it has been fixed with the import of a new version of
 sendmail.

 A single-byte buffer overflow in realpath(3) has been fixed. See security
 advisory FreeBSD-SA-03:08.

 A bug that could allow the kernel to attempt delivery of invalid signals
 has been fixed. The bug could have led to a kernel panic. For more
 information, see security advisory FreeBSD-SA-03:09.

 A bug in the iBCS2 emulation module, which could result in disclosing the
 contents of kernel memory, has been fixed. This module is not enabled in
 FreeBSD by default. For more information, see security advisory
 FreeBSD-SA-03:10.

 A programming error in the sendmail implementation of its ``DNS maps''
 feature has been fixed by the import of a new version of sendmail. More
 information can be found in security advisory FreeBSD-SA-03:11. Note that
 this feature is not used by the default configuration files shipped with
 FreeBSD.

 A buffer management bug in OpenSSH, which could potentially cause a crash,
 has been fixed. More information can be found in security advisory
 FreeBSD-SA-03:12.

 A buffer overflow in sendmail has been fixed. More information can be
 found in security advisory FreeBSD-SA-03:13.

 A bug that could allow the kernel to cause resource starvation which
 eventually results in a system panic in the ARP cache code has been fixed.
 More information can be found in security advisory FreeBSD-SA-03:14.

 Several errors in the OpenSSH PAM challenge/authentication subsystem have
 been fixed. The impacts of these bugs vary; details can be found in
 security advisory FreeBSD-SA-03:15.

 A bug in the readv(2) system call, which could potentially cause a system
 crash or privilege escalation has been fixed. More information can be
 found in security advisory FreeBSD-SA-03:16.

 A bug in procfs(5) and linprocfs(5), which could result in disclosing the
 contents of kernel memory, has been fixed. More information can be found
 in security advisory FreeBSD-SA-03:17.

 Four separate security flaws in OpenSSL, which could allow a remote
 attacker to crash an OpenSSL-using application or to execute arbitrary
 code with the privileges of the application, have been fixed. More
 information can be found in security advisory FreeBSD-SA-03:18.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 2.2 Kernel Changes

 A bug that caused atkbd(4) to register an AT keyboard during console
 initialization, even when no AT keyboard was connected, has been fixed.
 kbdcontrol -k /dev/kbd1 is no longer needed when only a USB keyboard is
 connected.

 The hifn(4) driver now supports symmetric crypto for the 7955 and 7956
 chipsets.

 The safe(4) driver has been added to support SafeNet 1141- and 1741-based
 crypto accelerators.

 Warning: This driver should be considered experimental and and should be
 used with some caution.

 Note: The public key support is not implemented.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 2.2.1 Platform-Specific Hardware Support

 A bug which prevented the kernel from booting on an Intel 80386 processor
 has been corrected.

 Support for the Physical Address Extensions (PAE) capability on Intel
 Pentium Pro and higher processors has been added. This allows the use of
 up to 64GB of RAM in a machine, although the amount of memory usable by
 any single process (or the FreeBSD kernel) is unchanged. The pae(4) manual
 page has more details on this feature.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 2.2.2 Boot Loader Changes

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 2.2.3 Network Interface Support

 bge(4) now supports Broadcom 5705 based Gigabit Ethernet NICs.

 The dc(4) driver once again transmits packets correctly through Davicom
 DC9102 cards.

 The proatm driver has been added to support ProSum's ProATM
 (IDT77252-based) interfaces. This driver is analogous to the patm driver
 in FreeBSD-CURRENT.

 The rue(4) network driver has been added, providing support for Ethernet
 adapters based on the RealTek RTL8150 USB to Fast Ethernet controller
 chip.

 The sbsh(4) driver for the Granch SBNI16 SHDSL modem has been added.

 sk(4) now supports SK-9521 V2.0 and 3COM 3C940 based Gigabit Ethernet
 NICs.

 The suspend/resume support for the wi(4) driver now works correctly when
 the device is configured down.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 2.2.4 Network Protocols

 A bug in ipfw(4) limit rule processing that could cause various panics has
 been fixed.

 ipfw(4) rules now support comma-separated address lists (such as 1.2.3.4,
 5.6.7.8/30, 9.10.11.12/22), and allow spaces after commas to make lists of
 addresses more readable.

 ipfw(4) rules now support C++-style comments. Each comment is stored
 together with its rule and appears using the ipfw(8) show command.

 ipfw(8) can now modify ipfw(4) rules in set 31, which was read-only and
 used for the default rules. They can be deleted by ipfw delete set 31
 command but are not deleted by the ipfw flush command. This implements a
 flexible form of ``persistent rules''. More details can be found in
 ipfw(8).

 Kernel support has been added for Protocol Independent Multicast routing.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 2.2.5 Disks and Storage

 The da(4) driver no longer tries to send 6-byte commands to USB and
 Firewire devices. Quirks for USB devices (which hopefully are now
 unnecessary) have been disabled; to restore the old behavior, add options
 DA_OLD_QUIRKS to the kernel configuration.

 The twe(4) driver now supports the 3ware generic API.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 2.2.6 File Systems

 A new DIRECTIO kernel option enables support for read operations that
 bypass the buffer cache and put data directly into a userland buffer. This
 feature requires that the O_DIRECT flag is set on the file descriptor and
 that both the offset and length for the read operation are multiples of
 the physical media sector size.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 2.2.7 PCCARD Support

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 2.2.8 Multimedia Support

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 2.3 Userland Changes

 arp(8) now supports a -i option to limit the scope of the current
 operation to the ARP entries on a particular interface. This option
 applies to the display operations only. It should be useful on routers
 with numerous network interfaces.

 chroot(8) now allows the optional setting of a user, primary group, or
 group list to use inside the chroot environment via the -u, -g, and -G
 options respectively.

 ipfw(8) list and show command now support ranges of rule numbers.

 ipfw(8) now supports a -n flag to test the syntax of commands without
 actually changing anything.

 The mount_msdos(8) utility now supports a -M option to specify the maximum
 file permissions for directories in the file system.

 systat(1) now includes displays for IPv6 and ICMPv6 traffic.

 uudecode(1) and b64decode(1) now support a -r flag for decoding raw (or
 broken) files that may be missing the initial and possibly final framing
 lines.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 2.4 Contributed Software

 The Intel ACPI 20030228 distribution (with local FreeBSD changes and
 support code) has been imported. This feature should be considered
 experimental and should be tested prior to being deployed in a production
 environment.

 Note: Unlike on FreeBSD-CURRENT, the ACPI driver must be statically
 compiled into the kernel by adding device acpica to a kernel
 configuration. There is no kernel module. This driver is not present in
 the default, GENERIC kernel.

 groff has been updated from 1.18.1 to 1.19.

 lukemftpd (not built by default) has been updated from a 1.2beta1 to a 5
 January 2003 snapshot from the NetBSD CVS repository.

 OpenSSL has been updated from 0.9.7a to 0.9.7c.

 sendmail has been updated to version 8.12.9.

 texinfo has been updated from 4.5 to 4.6.

 The timezone database has been updated from the tzdata2003a release to the
 tzdata2003d release.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 2.5 Ports/Packages Collection Infrastructure

 pkg_create(1) now supports a -C option, which allows packages to register
 a list of other packages with which they conflict. They will refuse to
 install (via pkg_add(1)) if one of the listed packages is already present.
 The -f flag to pkg_add(1) overrides this conflict-checking.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 2.6 Release Engineering and Integration

 The supported release of GNOME has been updated from 2.2 to 2.4.

 The supported release of KDE has been updated from 3.1 to 3.1.4.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

3 Upgrading from previous releases of FreeBSD

 If you're upgrading from a previous release of FreeBSD, you generally will
 have three options:

 * Using the binary upgrade option of sysinstall(8). This option is
 perhaps the quickest, although it presumes that your installation of
 FreeBSD uses no special compilation options.

 * Performing a complete reinstall of FreeBSD. Technically, this is not
 an upgrading method, and in any case is usually less convenient than a
 binary upgrade, in that it requires you to manually backup and restore
 the contents of /etc. However, it may be useful in cases where you
 want (or need) to change the partitioning of your disks.

 * From source code in /usr/src. This route is more flexible, but
 requires more disk space, time, and technical expertise. More
 information can be found in the ``Using make world'' section of the
 FreeBSD Handbook. Upgrading from very old versions of FreeBSD may be
 problematic; in cases like this, it is usually more effective to
 perform a binary upgrade or a complete reinstall.

 Please read the INSTALL.TXT file for more information, preferably before
 beginning an upgrade. If you are upgrading from source, please be sure to
 read /usr/src/UPDATING as well.

 Finally, if you want to use one of various means to track the -STABLE or
 -CURRENT branches of FreeBSD, please be sure to consult the ``-CURRENT vs.
 -STABLE'' section of the FreeBSD Handbook.

 Important: Upgrading FreeBSD should, of course, only be attempted after
 backing up all data and configuration files.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 This file, and other release-related documents, can be downloaded from
 ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/.

 For questions about FreeBSD, read the documentation before contacting
 <[email protected]>.

 For questions about this documentation, e-mail <[email protected]>.

 
 FreeBSD/i386 4.9-RELEASE Hardware Notes

 The FreeBSD Documentation Project

 Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 The FreeBSD Documentation Project

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 Table of Contents

 1 Introduction

 2 Supported Processors and Motherboards

 3 Supported Devices

 3.1 Disk Controllers

 3.2 Ethernet Interfaces

 3.3 FDDI Interfaces

 3.4 ATM Interfaces

 3.5 Wireless Network Interfaces

 3.6 Miscellaneous Networks

 3.7 ISDN Interfaces

 3.8 Multi-port Serial Interfaces

 3.9 Audio Devices

 3.10 Camera and Video Capture Devices

 3.11 USB Devices

 3.12 IEEE 1394 (Firewire) Devices

 3.13 Cryptographic Accelerators

 3.14 Miscellaneous

1 Introduction

 This document contains the hardware compatability notes for FreeBSD
 4.9-RELEASE on the i386 hardware platform (also referred to as
 FreeBSD/i386 4.9-RELEASE). It lists devices known to work on this
 platform, as well as some notes on boot-time kernel customization that may
 be useful when attempting to configure support for new devices.

 Note: This document includes information specific to the i386 hardware
 platform. Versions of the hardware compatability notes for other
 architectures will differ in some details.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

2 Supported Processors and Motherboards

 FreeBSD/i386 runs on a wide variety of ``IBM PC compatible'' machines. Due
 to the wide range of hardware available for this architecture, it is
 impossible to exhaustively list all combinations of equipment supported by
 FreeBSD. Nevertheless, some general guidelines are presented here.

 Almost all i386-compatible processors are supported. All Intel processors
 beginning with the 80386 are supported, including the 80386, 80486,
 Pentium, Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III, Pentium 4, and variants
 thereof, such as the Xeon and Celeron processors. (While technically
 supported, the use of the 80386SX is specifically not recommended.) All
 i386-compatible AMD processors are also supported, including the Am486,
 Am5x86, K5, K6 (and variants), Athlon (including Athlon-MP, Athlon-XP,
 Athlon-4, and Athlon Thunderbird), and Duron processors. The AMD Elan
 SC520 embedded processor is supported. The Transmeta Crusoe is recognized
 and supported, as are i386-compatible processors from Cyrix and NexGen.

 There is a wide variety of motherboards available for this architecture.
 Motherboards using the ISA, VLB, EISA, AGP, and PCI expansion busses are
 well-supported. There is some limited support for the MCA
 (``MicroChannel'') expansion bus used in the IBM PS/2 line of PCs.

 Symmetric multi-processor (SMP) systems are generally supported by
 FreeBSD, although in some cases, BIOS or motherboard bugs may generate
 some problems. Perusal of the archives of the FreeBSD symmetric
 multiprocessing mailing list may yield some clues.

 FreeBSD will generally run on i386-based laptops, albeit with varying
 levels of support for certain hardware features such as sound, graphics,
 power management, and PCCARD expansion slots. These features tend to vary
 in idiosyncratic ways between machines, and frequently require
 special-case support in FreeBSD to work around hardware bugs or other
 oddities. When in doubt, a search of the archives of the FreeBSD laptop
 computer mailing list may be useful.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

3 Supported Devices

 $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/hardware/common/dev.sgml,v
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 This section describes the devices currently known to be supported by with
 FreeBSD on the i386 platform. Other configurations may also work, but
 simply have not been tested yet. Feedback, updates, and corrections to
 this list are encouraged.

 Where possible, the drivers applicable to each device or class of devices
 is listed. If the driver in question has a manual page in the FreeBSD base
 distribution (most should), it is referenced here.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 3.1 Disk Controllers

 IDE/ATA controllers (ata(4) driver)

 * Acerlabs Aladdin

 * AMD 756 ATA66, 766 ATA100, 768 ATA100

 * Cenatek Rocket Drive

 * CMD 646, 648 ATA66, and 649 ATA100

 * Cypress 82C693

 * Cyrix 5530 ATA33

 * HighPoint HPT366 ATA66, HPT370 ATA100, HPT372 ATA133, HPT374 ATA133

 * Intel PIIX, PIIX3, PIIX4

 * Intel ICH ATA66, ICH2 ATA100, ICH3 ATA100, ICH4 ATA100

 * nVidia nForce ATA100

 * Promise ATA100 OEM chip (pdc20265)

 * Promise ATA133 OEM chip (pdc20269)

 * Promise Fasttrak-33, -66, -100, -100 TX2/TX4, -133 TX2/TX2000

 * Promise Ultra-33, -66, -100, -133 TX2/TX2000

 * ServerWorks ROSB4 ATA33

 * ServerWorks CSB5 ATA66/ATA100

 * Sil 0680 UDMA6

 * SiS 530, 540, 620

 * SiS 630, 633, 635, 645, 730, 733, 735, 740, 745, 750

 * SiS 5591 ATA100

 * VIA 82C586 ATA33, 82C596 ATA66, 82C686a ATA66, 82C686b ATA100

 * VIA 8233, 8235 ATA133

 Adaptec SCSI Controllers

 * Adaptec 1535 ISA SCSI controllers

 * Adaptec 154x series ISA SCSI controllers (aha(4) driver)

 * Adaptec 164x series MCA SCSI controllers (aha(4) driver)

 * Adaptec 174x series EISA SCSI controller in standard and enhanced mode
 (aha(4) and ahb(4) driver)

 * Adaptec 274x series EISA SCSI controllers, including narrow and wide
 variants (ahc(4) driver)

 * Adaptec 284x series VLB SCSI controllers, including narrow and wide
 variants (ahc(4) driver)

 * Adaptec
 19160/291x/2920/2930/2940/2950/29160/3940/3950/3960/39160/398x/494x
 series PCI SCSI controllers, including Narrow/Wide/Twin/Ultra/Ultra2
 variants (ahc(4) driver)

 * Adaptec AIC7770, AIC7850, AIC7860, AIC7870, AIC7880, and AIC789x
 on-board SCSI controllers (ahc(4) driver)

 * Adaptec 1510 series ISA SCSI controllers (not for bootable devices)

 * Adaptec 152x series ISA SCSI controllers (aha(4) driver)

 * Adaptec AIC-6260 and AIC-6360 based boards, which includes the
 AHA-152x and SoundBlaster SCSI cards (aic(4) driver)

 Ultra-320 SCSI controllers based on the Adaptec AIC7901, AIC7901A, and
 AIC7902 Ultra320 controller chips (ahd(4) driver)

 * Adaptec 29320, 29320A, 29320B, 29320LP

 * Adaptec 39320, 39320D

 Adaptec 2100S/32x0S/34x0S SCSI RAID controllers (asr(4) driver)

 Adaptec 2000S/2005S Zero-Channel RAID controllers (asr(4) driver)

 Adaptec 2400A ATA-100 RAID controller (asr(4) driver)

 Adaptec FSA family RAID controllers (aac(4) driver)

 * Adaptec AAC-2622

 * Adaptec AAC-364

 * Adaptec SCSI RAID 5400S

 * Dell PERC 2/QC

 * Dell PERC 2/Si

 * Dell PERC 3/Di

 * Dell PERC 3/QC

 * Dell PERC 3/Si

 * HP NetRAID-4M

 AdvanSys SCSI controllers (all models, adv(4) and adw(4) drivers)

 BusLogic MultiMaster ``W'' Series Host Adapters (bt(4) driver):

 * BT-948

 * BT-958

 * BT-958D

 BusLogic MultiMaster ``C'' Series Host Adapters (bt(4) driver):

 * BT-946C

 * BT-956C

 * BT-956CD

 * BT-445C

 * BT-747C

 * BT-757C

 * BT-757CD

 * BT-545C

 * BT-540CF

 BusLogic MultiMaster ``S'' Series Host Adapters (bt(4) driver):

 * BT-445S

 * BT-747S

 * BT-747D

 * BT-757S

 * BT-757D

 * BT-545S

 * BT-542D

 * BT-742A

 * BT-542B

 BusLogic MultiMaster ``A'' Series Host Adapters (bt(4) driver):

 * BT-742A

 * BT-542B

 Note: BusLogic/Mylex ``Flashpoint'' adapters are not yet supported.

 Note: AMI FastDisk controllers that are true BusLogic MultiMaster clones
 are also supported.

 Note: The Buslogic/Bustek BT-640 and Storage Dimensions SDC3211B and
 SDC3211F Microchannel (MCA) bus adapters are also supported.

 DPT SmartCACHE Plus, SmartCACHE III, SmartRAID III, SmartCACHE IV and
 SmartRAID IV SCSI/RAID controllers (dpt(4) driver)

 DPT SmartRAID V and VI SCSI RAID controllers (asr(4) driver)

 * PM1554

 * PM2554

 * PM2654

 * PM2865

 * PM2754

 * PM3755

 * PM3757

 AMI MegaRAID Express and Enterprise family RAID controllers (amr(4)
 driver)

 * MegaRAID Series 418

 * MegaRAID Enterprise 1200 (Series 428)

 * MegaRAID Enterprise 1300 (Series 434)

 * MegaRAID Enterprise 1400 (Series 438)

 * MegaRAID Enterprise 1500 (Series 467)

 * MegaRAID Enterprise 1600 (Series 471)

 * MegaRAID Elite 1500 (Series 467)

 * MegaRAID Elite 1600 (Series 493)

 * MegaRAID Express 100 (Series 466WS)

 * MegaRAID Express 200 (Series 466)

 * MegaRAID Express 300 (Series 490)

 * MegaRAID Express 500 (Series 475)

 * Dell PERC

 * Dell PERC 2/SC

 * Dell PERC 2/DC

 * Dell PERC 3/DCL

 * Dell PERC 4/Di

 * HP NetRaid-1si

 * HP NetRaid-3si

 * HP Embedded NetRaid

 Note: Booting from these controllers is supported. EISA adapters are not
 supported.

 Mylex DAC960 and DAC1100 RAID controllers with 2.x, 3.x, 4.x and 5.x
 firmware (mlx(4) driver)

 * DAC960P

 * DAC960PD

 * DAC960PDU

 * DAC960PL

 * DAC960PJ

 * DAC960PG

 * AcceleRAID 150

 * AcceleRAID 250

 * eXtremeRAID 1100

 Note: Booting from these controllers is supported. EISA adapters are not
 supported.

 Mylex PCI to SCSI RAID controllers with 6.x firmware (mly(4) driver)

 * AcceleRAID 160

 * AcceleRAID 170

 * AcceleRAID 352

 * eXtremeRAID 2000

 * eXtremeRAID 3000

 Note: Compatible Mylex controllers not listed should work, but have not
 been verified.

 3ware Escalade ATA RAID controllers (twe(4) driver)

 * 5000 series

 * 6000 series

 * 7000 series

 LSI/SymBios (formerly NCR) 53C810, 53C810a, 53C815, 53C825, 53C825a,
 53C860, 53C875, 53C875a, 53C876, 53C885, 53C895, 53C895a, 53C896,
 53C1010-33, 53C1010-66, 53C1000, 53C1000R PCI SCSI controllers, either
 embedded on motherboard or on add-on boards (ncr(4) and sym(4) drivers)

 * ASUS SC-200, SC-896

 * Data Technology DTC3130 (all variants)

 * DawiControl DC2976UW

 * Diamond FirePort (all)

 * NCR cards (all)

 * Symbios cards (all)

 * Tekram DC390W, 390U, 390F, 390U2B, 390U2W, 390U3D, and 390U3W

 * Tyan S1365

 NCR 53C500 based PC-Card SCSI host adapters (ncv driver)

 * IO DATA PCSC-DV

 * KME KXLC002 (TAXAN ICD-400PN, etc.), KXLC004

 * Macnica Miracle SCSI-II mPS110

 * Media Intelligent MSC-110, MSC-200

 * NEC PC-9801N-J03R

 * New Media Corporation BASICS SCSI

 * Qlogic Fast SCSI

 * RATOC REX-9530, REX-5572 (as SCSI only)

 TMC 18C30, 18C50 based ISA/PC-Card SCSI host adapters (stg driver)

 * Future Domain SCSI2GO

 * IBM SCSI PCMCIA Card

 * ICM PSC-2401 SCSI

 * Melco IFC-SC

 * RATOC REX-5536, REX-5536AM, REX-5536M, REX-9836A

 Qlogic controllers and variants (isp(4) driver)

 * Qlogic 1020, 1040 SCSI and Ultra SCSI host adapters

 * Qlogic 1240 dual Ultra SCSI controllers

 * Qlogic 1080 Ultra2 LVD and 1280 Dual Ultra2 LVD controllers

 * Qlogic 12160 Ultra3 LVD controllers

 * Qlogic 2100 and Qlogic 2200 Fibre Channel SCSI controllers

 * Qlogic 2300 and Qlogic 2312 2-Gigabit Fibre Channel SCSI controllers

 * Performance Technology SBS440 ISP1000 variants

 * Performance Technology SBS450 ISP1040 variants

 * Performance Technology SBS470 ISP2100 variants

 * Antares Microsystems P-0033 ISP2100 variants

 DTC 3290 EISA SCSI controller in 1542 emulation mode.

 Tekram DC390 and DC390T controllers, maybe other cards based on the AMD
 53c974 as well (amd(4) driver)

 Workbit Ninja SCSI-3 based PC-Card SCSI host adapters (nsp driver)

 * Alpha-Data AD-PCS201

 * IO DATA CBSC16

 Parallel to SCSI interfaces (vpo(4) driver)

 * AIC 7110 SCSI controller (built-in to Iomega ZIP drive)

 * Iomega Jaz Traveller interface

 * Iomega MatchMaker SCSI interface (built-in to Iomega ZIP+ drive)

 Compaq Intelligent Drive Array Controllers (ida(4) driver)

 * Compaq SMART Array 221

 * Compaq Integrated SMART Array Controller

 * Compaq SMART Array 4200, 4250ES Controllers

 * Compaq SMART Array 3200, 3100ES Controller

 * Compaq SMART-2/DH, SMART-2/SL, SMART-2/P, SMART-2E, and SMART
 Controllers

 SCSI adapters utilizing the Command Interface for SCSI-3 Support (ciss(4)
 driver)

 * Compaq Smart Array 5* series (5300, 5i, 532)

 Intel Integrated RAID Controllers (iir(4) driver)

 * Intel RAID Controller SRCMR

 * ICP Vortex SCSI RAID controllers (all Wide/Ultra160, 32-bit/64-bit PCI
 models)

 Promise SuperTrak ATA RAID controllers (pst(4) driver)

 * Promise SuperTrak SX6000 ATA RAID controller

 LSI Logic Fusion/MP architecture Fiber Channel controllers (mpt driver)

 * LSI FC909, FC929

 * LSI 53c1020, 53c1030

 PCI SCSI host adapters using the Tekram TRM-S1040 SCSI chipset (trm(4)
 driver)

 * Tekram DC395U/UW/F

 * Tekram DC315U

 With all supported SCSI controllers, full support is provided for SCSI-I,
 SCSI-II, and SCSI-III peripherals, including hard disks, optical disks,
 tape drives (including DAT, 8mm Exabyte, Mammoth, and DLT), medium
 changers, processor target devices and CD-ROM drives. WORM devices that
 support CD-ROM commands are supported for read-only access by the CD-ROM
 drivers (such as cd(4)). WORM/CD-R/CD-RW writing support is provided by
 cdrecord(1), which is a part of the sysutils/cdrtools port in the Ports
 Collection.

 The following CD-ROM type systems are supported at this time:

 * SCSI interface (also includes ProAudio Spectrum and SoundBlaster SCSI)
 (cd(4))

 * Sony proprietary interface (all models) (scd(4))

 * ATAPI IDE interface (acd(4))

 The following drivers were supported under the old SCSI subsystem, but are
 not yet supported under the cam(4) SCSI subsystem:

 * NCR5380/NCR53400 (``ProAudio Spectrum'') SCSI controller

 * UltraStor 14F, 24F and 34F SCSI controllers.

 Note: There is work-in-progress to port the UltraStor driver to the
 new CAM SCSI framework, but no estimates on when or if it will be
 completed.

 * Seagate ST01/02 SCSI controllers

 * Future Domain 8xx/950 series SCSI controllers

 * WD7000 SCSI controller

 The following device is unmaintained:

 * Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM interface (all models) (mcd(4))

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 3.2 Ethernet Interfaces

 Adaptec Duralink PCI Fast Ethernet adapters based on the Adaptec AIC-6915
 Fast Ethernet controller chip (sf(4) driver)

 * ANA-62011 64-bit single port 10/100baseTX adapter

 * ANA-62022 64-bit dual port 10/100baseTX adapter

 * ANA-62044 64-bit quad port 10/100baseTX adapter

 * ANA-69011 32-bit single port 10/100baseTX adapter

 * ANA-62020 64-bit single port 100baseFX adapter

 Allied-Telesis AT1700 and RE2000 cards (fe(4) driver)

 * CONTEC C-NET(PC)C PCMCIA Ethernet

 * Fujitsu MBH10303, MBH10302 Ethernet PCMCIA

 * Fujitsu Towa LA501 Ethernet

 * Fujitsu FMV-J182, FMV-J182A

 * RATOC REX-5588, REX-9822, REX-4886, and REX-R280

 * Eiger Labs EPX-10BT

 * HITACHI HT-4840-11

 * NextCom J Link NC5310

 * TDK LAK-CD021, LAK-CD021A, LAK-CD021BX

 Alteon Networks PCI Gigabit Ethernet NICs based on the Tigon 1 and Tigon 2
 chipsets (ti(4) driver)

 * 3Com 3c985-SX (Tigon 1 and 2)

 * Alteon AceNIC (Tigon 1 and 2)

 * Alteon AceNIC 1000baseT (Tigon 2)

 * Asante PCI 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Ethernet Adapter

 * Asante GigaNIX1000T Gigabit Ethernet Adapter

 * DEC/Compaq EtherWORKS 1000

 * Farallon PN9000SX

 * NEC Gigabit Ethernet

 * Netgear GA620 (Tigon 2)

 * Netgear GA620T (Tigon 2, 1000baseT)

 * Silicon Graphics Gigabit Ethernet

 AMD PCnet NICs (lnc(4) and pcn(4) drivers)

 * AMD PCnet/PCI (79c970 & 53c974 or 79c974)

 * AMD PCnet/FAST

 * Isolan AT 4141-0 (16 bit)

 * Isolink 4110 (8 bit)

 * PCnet/FAST+

 * PCnet/FAST III

 * PCnet/PRO

 * PCnet/Home

 * HomePNA

 SMC 83c17x (EPIC)-based Ethernet NICs (tx(4) driver)

 * SMC EtherPower II 9432 series

 National Semiconductor DS8390-based Ethernet NICs, including Novell NE2000
 and clones (ed(4) driver)

 * 3C503 Etherlink II (ed(4) driver)

 * DEC Etherworks DE305

 * Hewlett-Packard PC Lan+ 27247B and 27252A

 * NetVin 5000

 * Novell NE1000, NE2000, and NE2100

 * RealTek 8029

 * SMC Elite 16 WD8013 Ethernet interface

 * SMC Elite Ultra

 * SMC WD8003E, WD8003EBT, WD8003W, WD8013W, WD8003S, WD8003SBT and
 WD8013EBT and clones

 * Surecom NE-34

 * VIA VT86C926

 * Winbond W89C940

 NE2000 compatible PC-Card (PCMCIA) Ethernet and FastEthernet cards (ed(4)
 driver)

 * AR-P500 Ethernet

 * Accton EN2212/EN2216/UE2216

 * Allied Telesis CentreCOM LA100-PCM_V2

 * AmbiCom 10BaseT card

 * BayNetworks NETGEAR FA410TXC Fast Ethernet

 * CNet BC40 adapter

 * COREGA Ether PCC-T/EtherII PCC-T/FEther PCC-TXF/PCC-TXD

 * Compex Net-A adapter

 * CyQ've ELA-010

 * D-Link DE-650/660

 * Danpex EN-6200P2

 * Elecom Laneed LD-CDL/TX, LD-CDF, LD-CDS, LD-10/100CD, LD-CDWA
 (DP83902A), MACNICA Ethernet ME1 for JEIDA

 * IO DATA PCLATE

 * IBM Creditcard Ethernet I/II

 * IC-CARD Ethernet/IC-CARD+ Ethernet

 * Kingston KNE-PC2, KNE-PCM/x Ethernet

 * Linksys EC2T/PCMPC100/PCM100, PCMLM56, EtherFast 10/100 PC Card, Combo
 PCMCIA Ethernet Card (PCMPC100 V2)

 * Melco LPC-T/LPC2-T/LPC2-CLT/LPC2-TX/LPC3-TX/LPC3-CLX

 * NDC Ethernet Instant-Link

 * National Semiconductor InfoMover NE4100

 * NetGear FA-410TX

 * Network Everywhere Ethernet 10BaseT PC Card

 * Planex FNW-3600-T

 * Socket LP-E

 * Surecom EtherPerfect EP-427

 * TDK LAK-CD031,Grey Cell GCS2000 Ethernet Card

 * Telecom Device SuperSocket RE450T

 RealTek RTL 8002 Pocket Ethernet (rdp(4) driver)

 RealTek 8129/8139 Fast Ethernet NICs (rl(4) driver)

 * Accton ``Cheetah'' EN1207D (MPX 5030/5038; RealTek 8139 clone)

 * Allied Telesyn AT2550

 * Allied Telesyn AT2500TX

 * D-Link DFE-530TX+, DFE-538TX

 * Farallon NetLINE 10/100 PCI

 * Genius GF100TXR (RTL8139)

 * KTX-9130TX 10/100 Fast Ethernet

 * NDC Communications NE100TX-E

 * Netronix Inc. EA-1210 NetEther 10/100

 * OvisLink LEF-8129TX

 * OvisLink LEF-8139TX

 * SMC EZ Card 10/100 PCI 1211-TX

 Lite-On 82c168/82c169 PNIC Fast Ethernet NICs (dc(4) driver)

 * Kingston KNE110TX

 * LinkSys EtherFast LNE100TX

 * Matrox FastNIC 10/100

 * NetGear FA310-TX Rev. D1

 Macronix 98713, 98713A, 98715, 98715A and 98725 Fast Ethernet NICs (dc(4)
 driver)

 * Accton EN1217 (98715A)

 * Adico AE310TX (98715A)

 * Compex RL100-TX (98713 or 98713A)

 * CNet Pro120A (98713 or 98713A)

 * CNet Pro120B (98715)

 * NDC Communications SFA100A (98713A)

 * SVEC PN102TX (98713)

 Macronix/Lite-On PNIC II LC82C115 Fast Ethernet NICs (dc(4) driver)

 * LinkSys EtherFast LNE100TX Version 2

 Winbond W89C840F Fast Ethernet NICs (wb(4) driver)

 * Trendware TE100-PCIE

 VIA Technologies VT3043 ``Rhine I'', VT86C100A ``Rhine II'', and
 VT6105/VT6105M ``Rhine III'' Fast Ethernet NICs (vr(4) driver)

 * AOpen/Acer ALN-320

 * D-Link DFE-530TX

 * Hawking Technologies PN102TX

 Silicon Integrated Systems SiS 900 and SiS 7016 PCI Fast Ethernet NICs
 (sis(4) driver)

 * SiS 630, 635 and 735 motherboard chipsets

 National Semiconductor DP83815 Fast Ethernet NICs (sis(4) driver)

 * NetGear FA311-TX

 * NetGear FA312-TX

 National Semiconductor DP83820 and DP83821 Gigabit Ethernet NICs (nge(4)
 driver)

 * Addtron AEG320T

 * Asante FriendlyNet GigaNIC 1000TA and 1000TPC

 * D-Link DGE-500T

 * LinkSys EG1032 (32-bit PCI) and EG1064 (64-bit PCI)

 * Netgear GA621 and GA622T

 * SMC EZ Card 1000 (SMC9462TX)

 * Surecom Technology EP-320G-TX

 Sundance Technologies ST201 PCI Fast Ethernet NICs (ste(4) driver)

 * D-Link DFE-550TX

 SysKonnect SK-984x PCI Gigabit Ethernet cards (sk(4) drivers)

 * SK-9821 1000baseT copper, single port

 * SK-9822 1000baseT copper, dual port

 * SK-9841 1000baseLX single mode fiber, single port

 * SK-9842 1000baseLX single mode fiber, dual port

 * SK-9843 1000baseSX multimode fiber, single port

 * SK-9844 1000baseSX multimode fiber, dual port

 Texas Instruments ThunderLAN PCI NICs (tl(4) driver)

 * Compaq Netelligent 10, 10/100, 10/100 Dual-Port

 * Compaq Netelligent 10/100 Proliant

 * Compaq Netelligent 10/100 TX Embedded UTP, 10 T PCI UTP/Coax, 10/100
 TX UTP

 * Compaq NetFlex 3P, 3P Integrated, 3P w/BNC

 * Olicom OC-2135/2138, OC-2325, OC-2326 10/100 TX UTP

 * Racore 8165 10/100baseTX

 * Racore 8148 10baseT/100baseTX/100baseFX multi-personality

 ADMtek Inc. AL981-based PCI Fast Ethernet NICs (dc(4) driver)

 ADMtek Inc. AN985-based PCI Fast Ethernet NICs (dc(4) driver)

 * LinkSys EtherFast LNE100TX v4.0/4.1

 ADMtek Inc. AN986-based USB Ethernet NICs (aue(4) driver)

 * Abocom UFE1000, DSB650TX_NA

 * Accton USB320-EC, SpeedStream

 * ADMtek AN986, AN8511

 * Billionton USB100, USB100LP, USB100EL, USBE100

 * Corega Ether FEther USB-TX, FEther USB-TXS

 * D-Link DSB-650, DSB-650TX, DSB-650TX-PNA

 * Elsa Microlink USB2Ethernet

 * I/O Data USB ETTX

 * Kingston KNU101TX

 * LinkSys USB10T, USB10TA, USB10TX, USB100TX, USB100H1

 * Melco Inc. LUA-TX, LUA2-TX

 * Siemens Speedstream

 * SmartBridges smartNIC

 * SMC 2202USB

 * SOHOware NUB100

 CATC USB-EL1210A-based USB Ethernet NICs (cue(4) driver)

 * Belkin F5U011, F5U111

 * CATC Netmate, Netmate II

 * SmartBridges SmartLink

 Kawasaki LSI KU5KUSB101B-based USB Ethernet NICs (kue(4) driver)

 * 3Com 3c19250

 * AOX USB101

 * ADS Technologies USB-10BT

 * ATen UC10T

 * Corega USB-T

 * D-Link DSB-650C

 * Entrega NET-USB-E45

 * Kawasaki DU-H3E

 * LinkSys USB10T

 * Netgear EA101

 * Peracom USB Ethernet Adapter

 * SMC 2102USB, 2104USB

 RealTek RTL8150-based USB Ethernet NICs (rue(4) driver)

 * GREEN HOUSE GH-USB100B

 * MELCO LUA-KTX

 ASIX Electronics AX88140A PCI NICs (dc(4) driver)

 * Alfa Inc. GFC2204

 * CNet Pro110B

 DEC EtherWORKS II and III NICs (le(4) driver)

 * DE200, DE201, DE202, DE422

 * DE203, DE204, DE205

 DEC DC21040, DC21041, DC21140, DC21141, DC21142, and DC21143 based NICs
 (de(4) driver)

 * Asante

 * Cogent EM100FX and EM440TX

 * DEC DE425, DE435, DE450, and DE500

 * SMC Etherpower 8432T, 9332, and 9334

 * ZYNX ZX 3xx

 DEC/Intel 21143 based Fast Ethernet NICs (dc(4) driver)

 * DEC DE500

 * Compaq Presario 7900 series built-in Ethernet

 * D-Link DFE-570TX

 * Kingston KNE100TX

 * LinkSys EtherFast 10/100 Instant GigaDrive built-in Ethernet

 Davicom DM9009, DM9100 and DM9102 PCI Fast Ethernet NICs (dc(4) driver)

 * Jaton Corporation XpressNet

 Conexant LANfinity RS7112 (MiniPCI) (dc(4) driver)

 Fujitsu MB86960A/MB86965A based Fast Ethernet NICs (fe(4) driver)

 * CONTEC C-NET(PC)C Ethernet

 * Eiger Labs EPX-10BT

 * Fujitsu FMV-J182, FMV-J182A, MBH10302, MBH10303 Ethernet PCMCIA

 * Fujitsu Towa LA501 Ethernet

 * HITACHI HT-4840-11

 * NextCom J Link NC5310

 * RATOC REX-5588, REX-9822, REX-4886, REX-R280

 * TDK LAK-CD021, LAK-CD021A, LAK-CD021BX

 Intel 82557- or 82559-based Fast Ethernet NICs (fxp(4) driver)

 * Intel EtherExpress Pro/100B PCI Fast Ethernet

 * Intel InBusiness 10/100 PCI Network Adapter

 * Intel PRO/100+ Management Adapter

 * Intel Pro/100 VE Desktop Adapter

 * Intel Pro/100 M Desktop Adapter

 * Intel Pro/100 S Desktop, Server and Dual-Port Server Adapters

 * On-board Ethernet NICs on many Intel motherboards.

 Intel 82595-based Ethernet NICs (ex(4) driver)

 * Intel EtherExpress Pro/10 and Pro/10+ Ethernet

 * Olicom OC2220

 Intel 82586-based Ethernet NICs (ie(4) driver)

 * 3Com 3C507 Etherlink 16/TP

 * AT&T Starlan 10 and Starlan Fiber

 * EN100

 * Intel EtherExpress 16

 * RACAL Interlan NI5210

 3Com 3C5x9 Etherlink III NICs (ep(4) driver)

 * 3C509

 * 3C529 MCA

 * 3C579 EISA

 * 3CXE589EC, 3CXE589ET PCMCIA

 * 3C589/589B/589C/589D/589E/574TX/574B PC-card/PCMCIA

 * Megahertz 3CCFEM556BI, 3CXEM556, 3CCFEM556B

 * OfficeConnect 3CXSH572BT

 * Farallon EtherMac

 3Com 3C501 8-bit ISA Ethernet NIC (el(4) driver)

 3Com Etherlink XL-based NICs (xl(4) driver)

 * 3C900/905/905B/905C PCI

 * 3C556/556B MiniPCI

 * 3C450-TX HomeConnect adapter

 * 3c980/3c980B Fast Etherlink XL server adapter

 * 3cSOHO100-TX OfficeConnect adapter

 * Dell Optiplex GX1 on-board 3C918

 * Dell On-board 3C920

 * Dell Precision on-board 3C905B

 * Dell Latitude laptop docking station embedded 3C905-TX

 3Com 3C59X series NICs (vx(4) driver)

 * 3C590 Etherlink III (PCI)

 * 3C595 Fast Etherlink III (PCI)

 * 3C592/3C597 (EISA)

 Crystal Semiconductor CS89x0-based NICs (cs(4) driver)

 * IBM Etherjet ISA

 Megahertz X-Jack Ethernet PC-Card CC-10BT (sn(4) driver)

 Xircom CreditCard adapters (16 bit) and workalikes (xe driver)

 * Accton EN2226/Fast EtherCard (16-bit version)

 * Compaq Netelligent 10/100 PC Card

 * Intel EtherExpress PRO/100 Mobile Adapter (16-bit version)

 * Xircom 10/100 Network PC Card adapter

 * Xircom Realport card + modem(Ethernet part)

 * Xircom CreditCard Ethernet 10/100

 * Xircom CreditCard 10Base-T ``CreditCard Ethernet Adapter IIps''
 (PS-CE2-10)

 * Xircom CreditCard Ethernet 10/100 + modem (Ethernet part)

 National Semiconductor DP8393X (SONIC) Ethernet cards (snc driver)

 * NEC PC-9801-83, -84, -103, and -104

 * NEC PC-9801N-25 and -J02R

 Gigabit Ethernet cards based on the Level 1 LXT1001 NetCellerator
 controller (lge(4) driver)

 * D-Link DGE-500SX

 * SMC TigerCard 1000 (SMC9462SX)

 Ethernet and Fast Ethernet NICs based on the 3Com 3XP Typhoon/Sidewinder
 (3CR990) chipset (txp(4) driver)

 * 3Com 3CR990-TX-95

 * 3Com 3CR990-TX-97

 * 3Com 3CR990B-SRV

 * 3Com 3CR990B-TXM

 * 3Com 3CR990SVR95

 * 3Com 3CR990SVR97

 Gigabit Ethernet NICs based on the Broadcom BCM570x (bge(4) driver)

 * 3Com 3c996-SX, 3c996-T

 * Netgear GA302T

 * SysKonnect SK-9D21 and 9D41

 * Built-in Gigabit Ethernet NICs on DELL PowerEdge 2550 servers

 Gigabit Ethernet NICs based on the Intel 82542 and 82543 controller chips
 (wx(4), gx(4) and em(4) drivers), plus NICs supported by the Intel
 82540EM, 82544, 82545EM, and 82546EB controller chips (em(4) driver only)

 * Intel PRO/1000 Gigabit Ethernet

 Note: The wx(4) driver is deprecated.

 Note: The em(4) driver is officially supported by Intel, but is only
 supported on the i386.

 Myson Ethernet NICs (my driver)

 * Myson MTD80X Based Fast Ethernet Card

 * Myson MTD89X Based Gigabit Ethernet Card

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 3.3 FDDI Interfaces

 DEC DEFPA PCI (fpa(4) driver)

 DEC DEFEA EISA (fpa(4) driver)

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 3.4 ATM Interfaces

 Efficient Networks, Inc. ENI-155p ATM PCI Adapters (hea driver)

 FORE Systems, Inc. PCA-200E ATM PCI Adapters (hfa driver)

 The ATM support in FreeBSD supports the following signaling protocols:

 * The ATM Forum UNI 3.1 signaling protocol

 * The ATM Forum UNI 3.0 signaling protocol

 * The ATM Forum ILMI address registration

 * FORE Systems' proprietary SPANS signaling protocol

 * Permanent Virtual Channels (PVCs)

 Support for the IETF ``Classical IP and ARP over ATM'' model is provided,
 compliant with the following RFCs and Internet Drafts:

 * RFC 1483, ``Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5''

 * RFC 1577, ``Classical IP and ARP over ATM''

 * RFC 1626, ``Default IP MTU for use over ATM AAL5''

 * RFC 1755, ``ATM Signaling Support for IP over ATM''

 * RFC 2225, ``Classical IP and ARP over ATM''

 * RFC 2334, ``Server Cache Synchronization Protocol (SCSP)''

 * Internet Draft draft-ietf-ion-scsp-atmarp-00.txt, ``A Distributed
 ATMARP Service Using SCSP''

 Support for an ATM sockets interface is also provided.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 3.5 Wireless Network Interfaces

 NCR / AT&T / Lucent Technologies WaveLan T1-speed ISA/radio LAN cards
 (wl(4) driver)

 Lucent Technologies WaveLAN/IEEE 802.11 PCMCIA and ISA standard speed
 (2Mbps) and turbo speed (6Mbps) wireless network adapters and workalikes
 (wi(4) driver)

 Note: The ISA versions of these adapters are actually PCMCIA cards
 combined with an ISA to PCMCIA bridge card, so both kinds of devices
 work with the same driver.

 * 3COM 3crwe737A AirConnect Wireless LAN PC Card

 * Accton airDirect WN3301

 * Addtron AWA100

 * Adtec ADLINK340APC

 * Airway 802.11 Adapter

 * Avaya Wireless PC Card

 * Blue Concentric Circle CF Wireless LAN Model WL-379F

 * BreezeNET PC-DS.11

 * Buffalo WLI-CF-S11G

 * Cabletron RoamAbout 802.11 DS

 * Compaq WL100, WL110

 * Corega KK Wireless LAN PCC-11, PCCA-11, PCCB-11

 * D-Link DWL-650

 * Dell TrueMobile 1150 Series

 * ELECOM Air@Hawk/LD-WL11/PCC

 * ELSA AirLancer MC-11

 * Farallon Skyline 11Mbps Wireless

 * ICOM SL-1100

 * IBM High Rate Wireless LAN PC Card

 * Intel PRO/Wireless 2011 LAN PC Card

 * IO Data WN-B11/PCM

 * Laneed Wireless card

 * Linksys Instant Wireless WPC11

 * Lucent WaveLAN/IEEE 802.11

 * Melco Airconnect WLI-PCM-S11, WLI-PCM-L11

 * NCR WaveLAN/IEEE 802.11

 * NEC Wireless Card CMZ-RT-WP

 * NEC Aterm WL11C (PC-WL/11C)

 * NEC PK-WL001

 * Netgear MA401

 * PLANEX GeoWave/GW-NS110

 * Proxim Harmony, RangeLAN-DS

 * SMC 2632W, 2602W

 * Sony PCWA-C100

 * TDK LAK-CD011WL

 * Toshiba Wireless LAN Card

 * US Robotics Wireless Card 2410

 Aironet 802.11 wireless adapters (an(4) driver)

 * Aironet 4500/4800 series (PCMCIA, PCI, and ISA adapters are all
 supported)

 * Cisco Systems Aironet 340 and 350 series (PCMCIA, PCI, and ISA
 adapters are all supported)

 * Xircom Wireless Ethernet adapter (rebadged Aironet)

 Raytheon Raylink 2.4GHz wireless adapters (ray(4) driver)

 * Webgear Aviator

 * Webgear Aviator Pro

 * Raytheon Raylink PC Card

 AMD Am79C930 and Harris (Intersil) based 802.11 cards (awi(4) driver)

 * BayStack 650 and 660

 * Farallon SkyLINE Wireless

 * Icom SL-200

 * Melco WLI-PCM

 * NEL SSMagic

 * Netwave AirSurfer Plus and AirSurfer Pro

 * ZoomAir 4000

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 3.6 Miscellaneous Networks

 Granch SBNI12 point-to-point communications adapters (sbni(4) driver)

 * SBNI12-XX and SBNI12D-XX ISA and PCI

 Granch SBNI16 SHDSL modems (sbsh(4) driver)

 SMC COM90cx6 ARCNET network adapters (cm driver)

 * SMC 90c26, 90c56, and 90c66 in 90c56 compatability mode

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 3.7 ISDN Interfaces

 AcerISDN P10 ISA PnP (experimental)

 Asuscom ISDNlink 128K ISA

 ASUSCOM P-IN100-ST-D (and other Winbond W6692-based cards)

 AVM

 * A1

 * B1 ISA (tested with V2.0)

 * B1 PCI (tested with V4.0)

 * Fritz!Card classic

 * Fritz!Card PnP

 * Fritz!Card PCI

 * Fritz!Card PCI, Version 2

 * T1

 Creatix

 * ISDN-S0

 * ISDN-S0 P&P

 Compaq Microcom 610 ISDN (Compaq series PSB2222I) ISA PnP

 Dr. Neuhaus Niccy Go@ and compatibles

 Dynalink IS64PPH and IS64PPH+

 Eicon Diehl DIVA 2.0 and 2.02

 ELSA

 * ELSA PCC-16

 * QuickStep 1000pro ISA

 * MicroLink ISDN/PCI

 * QuickStep 1000pro PCI

 ITK ix1 Micro ( < V.3, non-PnP version )

 Sedlbauer Win Speed

 Siemens I-Surf 2.0

 TELEINT ISDN SPEED No.1 (experimental)

 Teles

 * S0/8

 * S0/16

 * S0/16.3

 * S0/16.3 PnP

 * 16.3c ISA PnP (experimental)

 * Teles PCI-TJ

 Traverse Technologies NETjet-S PCI

 USRobotics Sportster ISDN TA intern

 Winbond W6692 based PCI cards

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 3.8 Multi-port Serial Interfaces

 AST 4 port serial card using shared IRQ

 ARNET serial cards (ar(4) driver)

 * ARNET 8 port serial card using shared IRQ

 * ARNET (now Digiboard) Sync 570/i high-speed serial

 Boca multi-port serial cards

 * Boca BB1004 4-Port serial card (Modems not supported)

 * Boca IOAT66 6-Port serial card (Modems supported)

 * Boca BB1008 8-Port serial card (Modems not supported)

 * Boca BB2016 16-Port serial card (Modems supported)

 Comtrol Rocketport card (rp(4) driver)

 Cyclades Cyclom-Y serial board (cy(4) driver)

 STB 4 port card using shared IRQ

 DigiBoard intelligent serial cards (dgb(4) driver)

 * DigiBoard PC/Xe series

 * DigiBoard PC/Xi series

 PCI-Based multi-port serial boards (puc(4) driver)

 * Actiontech 56K PCI

 * Avlab Technology, PCI IO 2S and PCI IO 4S

 * Comtrol RocketPort 550

 * Decision Computers PCCOM 4-port serial and dual port RS232/422/485

 * Dolphin Peripherals 4025/4035/4036

 * IC Book Labs Dreadnought 16x Lite and Pro

 * Lava Computers 2SP-PCI/DSerial-PCI/Quattro-PCI/Octopus-550

 * Middle Digital, Weasle serial port

 * Moxa Industio CP-114 and C168H/PCI

 * NEC PK-UG-X001 and PK-UG-X008

 * Netmos NM9835 PCI-2S-550

 * Oxford Semiconductor OX16PCI954 PCI UART

 * Syba Tech SD-LAB PCI-4S2P-550-ECP

 * SIIG Cyber I/O PCI 16C550/16C650/16C850

 * SIIG Cyber 2P1S PCI 16C550/16C650/16C850

 * SIIG Cyber 2S1P PCI 16C550/16C650/16C850

 * SIIG Cyber 4S PCI 16C550/16C650/16C850

 * SIIG Cyber Serial (Single and Dual) PCI 16C550/16C650/16C850

 * Syba Tech Ltd. PCI-4S2P-550-ECP

 * Titan PCI-200H and PCI-800H

 * US Robotics (3Com) 3CP5609 modem

 * VScom PCI-400 and PCI-800

 SDL Communication serial boards

 * SDL Communications Riscom/8 Serial Board (rc driver)

 * SDL Communications RISCom/N2 and N2pci high-speed sync serial boards
 (sr(4) driver)

 Stallion Technologies multiport serial boards

 * EasyIO (stl(4) driver)

 * EasyConnection 8/32 (stl(4) driver)

 * EasyConnection 8/64 (stli(4) driver)

 * ONboard 4/16 (stli(4) driver)

 * Brumby (stli(4) driver)

 Specialix SI/XIO/SX multiport serial cards, with both the older SIHOST2.x
 and the new ``enhanced'' (transputer based, aka JET) host cards (ISA, EISA
 and PCI are supported) (si(4) driver)

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 3.9 Audio Devices

 Advance (sbc(4) driver)

 * Asound 100 and 110

 * Logic ALS120 and ALS4000

 CMedia sound chips

 * CMI8338/CMI8738

 Crystal Semiconductor (csa(4) driver)

 * CS461x/462x Audio Accelerator

 * CS428x Audio Controller

 ENSONIQ (pcm(4) driver)

 * AudioPCI ES1370/1371

 ESS

 * ES1868, ES1869, ES1879 and ES1888 (sbc(4) driver)

 * Maestro-1, Maestro-2, and Maestro-2E

 * Maestro-3/Allegro

 Note: The Maestro-3/Allegro cannot be compiled into the FreeBSD
 kernel due to licensing restrictions. To use this driver, add the
 following line to /boot/loader.conf:

 snd_maestro3_load="YES"

 ForteMedia fm801

 Gravis (gusc(4) driver)

 * UltraSound MAX

 * UltraSound PnP

 Intel 443MX, 810, 815, and 815E integrated sound devices (pcm(4) driver)

 MSS/WSS Compatible DSPs (pcm(4) driver)

 NeoMagic 256AV/ZX (pcm(4) driver)

 OPTi 931/82C931 (pcm(4) driver)

 S3 Sonicvibes

 Creative Technologies SoundBlaster series (sbc(4) driver)

 * SoundBlaster

 * SoundBlaster Pro

 * SoundBlaster AWE-32

 * SoundBlaster AWE-64

 * SoundBlaster AWE-64 GOLD

 * SoundBlaster ViBRA-16

 Creative Technologies Sound Blaster Live! series (emu10k1 driver)

 Trident 4DWave DX/NX (pcm(4) driver)

 VIA Technologies VT82C686A

 Yamaha

 * DS1

 * DS1e

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 3.10 Camera and Video Capture Devices

 Brooktree Bt848/849/878/879-based frame grabbers (bktr(4) driver)

 * AverMedia cards

 * Hauppauge Wincast TV and WinTV boards (PCI)

 * Intel Smart Video Recorder III

 * Miro PC TV

 * STB TV PCI

 * Video Highway XTreme

 * VideoLogic Captivator PCI

 Connectix QuickCam

 Cortex1 frame grabber (ctx driver)

 Creative Labs Video Spigot frame grabber (spigot driver)

 Matrox Meteor Video frame grabber (meteor(4) driver)

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 3.11 USB Devices

 A range of USB peripherals are supported; devices known to work are listed
 in this section. Owing to the generic nature of most USB devices, with
 some exceptions any device of a given class will be supported, even if not
 explicitly listed here.

 Note: USB Ethernet adapters can be found in the section listing Ethernet
 interfaces.

 Host Controllers (ohci(4) and uhci(4) drivers)

 * ALi Aladdin-V

 * AMD-756

 * Belkin USB 2.0 High Speed Host Controller

 * CMD Tech 670 & 673

 * Intel 82371SB (PIIX3)

 * Intel 82371AB and EB (PIIX4)

 * Intel 82801AA (ICH)

 * Intel 82801AB (ICH0)

 * Intel 82801BA/BAM (ICH2)

 * Intel 82443MX

 * NEC uPD 9210

 * OPTi 82C861 (FireLink)

 * SiS 5571

 * VIA 83C572 USB

 * UHCI or OHCI compliant motherboard chipsets (no exceptions known)

 USB host controllers (PCI)

 * ADS Electronics PCI plug-in card (2 ports)

 * Entrega PCI plug-in card (4 ports)

 Hubs

 * Andromeda hub

 * MacAlly self powered hub (4 ports)

 * NEC hub

 Keyboards (ukbd(4) driver)

 * Apple iMac keyboard

 * BTC BTC7935 keyboard with PS/2 mouse port

 * Cherry G81-3504 keyboard

 * Logitech M2452 keyboard

 * MacAlly iKey keyboard

 * Microsoft keyboard

 * Sun Microsystems Type 6 USB keyboard

 Miscellaneous

 * ActiveWire I/O Board

 * Diamond Rio 500, 600, and 800 MP3 players (urio(4) driver)

 * D-Link DSB-R100 USB Radio (ufm driver)

 Modems (umodem driver)

 * 3Com 5605

 * Metricom Ricochet GS USB wireless modem

 Mice (ums(4) driver)

 * Agiler Mouse 29UO

 * Apple iMac Mouse

 * Belkin Mouse

 * Chic mouse

 * Cypress mouse

 * Genius Niche mouse

 * Kensington Mouse-in-a-Box

 * Logitech wheel mouse (3 buttons)

 * Logitech PS/2 / USB mouse (3 buttons)

 * MacAlly mouse (3 buttons)

 * Microsoft IntelliMouse (3 buttons)

 * Sun Microsystems Type 6 USB Mouse

 * Trust Ami Mouse (3 buttons)

 Printers and parallel printer conversion cables (ulpt(4) driver)

 * ATen parallel printer adapter

 * Belkin F5U002 parallel printer adapter

 * Entrega USB-to-parallel printer adapter

 Serial devices

 * Belkin F5U103 and F5U120 (ubsa driver)

 * e-Tek Labs Kwik232 (ubsa driver)

 * GoHubs GoCOM232 (ubsa driver)

 * HP USB-Serial adapter (uftdi(4) driver)

 * Inland UAS111 (uftdi(4) driver)

 * Peracom single port serial adapter (ubsa driver)

 * Prolific PL-2303 serial adapter (uplcom(4) driver)

 * QVS USC-1000 (uftdi(4) driver)

 * SUNTAC Slipper U VS-10U (uvscom(4) driver)

 Scanners (through SANE) (uscanner(4) driver)

 * Perfection 636U

 * HP ScanJet 4100C, 5200C, 6300C

 Storage (umass(4) driver)

 * Iomega USB Zip 100Mb (primitive support still)

 * Matshita CF-VFDU03 floppy drive

 * Microtech USB-SCSI-HD 50 USB to SCSI cable

 * Panasonic floppy drive

 * Y-E Data floppy drive (720/1.44/2.88Mb)

 Handspring Visor and other PalmOS devices (uvisor(4) driver)

 * Handspring Visor

 * Palm M125, M500, M505

 * Sony Clie 4.0 and 4.1

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 3.12 IEEE 1394 (Firewire) Devices

 Host Controllers (fwohci(4) driver)

 * Ricoh R5C552 chipset

 * Sony CX3022 chipset

 * TI TSB12LV22, LV23, 26 and TSB43AA22 chipsets

 * uPD72861 chipset

 * VIA VT6306 chipset

 Storage (sbp(4) driver)

 * Apple iPod

 * Apple Macintosh G4 (target mode)

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 3.13 Cryptographic Accelerators

 Accelerators based on the Hifn 7751, 7811, or 7951 chipsets (hifn(4)
 driver)

 * Invertex AEON

 * Hifn 7751 reference board

 * Global Technologies Group PowerCrypt and XL-Crypt

 * NetSec 7751

 * Soekris Engineering vpn1201 and vpn1211

 Accelerators based on the Bluesteel 5501 or 5601 chipsets (ubsec(4)
 driver)

 Accelerators based on the Broadcom BCM5801, BCM5802, BCM5805, BCM5820, BCM
 5821, BCM5822 chipsets (ubsec(4) driver)

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 3.14 Miscellaneous

 FAX-Modem/PCCARD

 * Melco IGM-PCM56K/IGM-PCM56KH

 * Nokia Card Phone 2.0 (gsm900/dcs1800 HSCSD terminal)

 Floppy drives (fdc(4) driver)

 Genius and Mustek hand scanners

 GPB and Transputer drivers

 VGA-compatible video cards (vga(4) driver)

 Note: Information regarding specific video cards and compatibility with
 XFree86 can be found at http://www.xfree86.org/.

 Keyboards including:

 * AT-style keyboards (atkbd(4) driver)

 * PS/2 keyboards (atkbd(4) driver)

 * USB keyboards (specific instances are listed in the section describing
 USB devices)

 Loran-C receiver (Dave Mills experimental hardware, loran driver).

 Pointing devices including:

 * Bus mice and compatible devices (mse(4) driver)

 * PS/2 mice and compatible devices (psm(4) driver)

 * Serial mice and compatible devices

 * USB mice (specific instances are listed in the section describing USB
 devices)

 Note: moused(8) has more information on using pointing devices with
 FreeBSD. Information on using pointing devices with XFree86 can be found
 at http://www.xfree86.org/.

 ``PC standard'' parallel ports (ppc(4) driver)

 PC-compatible joysticks (joy(4) driver)

 PHS Data Communication Card/PCCARD

 * NTT DoCoMo P-in Comp@ct

 * Panasonic KX-PH405

 * SII MC-P200

 ``PC standard'' 8250, 16450, and 16550-based serial ports (sio(4) driver)

 X-10 power controllers (tw(4) driver)

 Xilinx XC6200-based reconfigurable hardware cards compatible with the HOT1
 from Virtual Computers (xrpu driver).

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 This file, and other release-related documents, can be downloaded from
 ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/.

 For questions about FreeBSD, read the documentation before contacting
 <[email protected]>.

 For questions about this documentation, e-mail <[email protected]>.

 
 FreeBSD 4.9-RELEASE README

 The FreeBSD Project

 Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 The FreeBSD Documentation Project

 $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/readme/article.sgml,v 1.1.2.17
 2003/05/01 15:09:53 trhodes Exp $

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 4.9-RELEASE. It
 includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing of various
 ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to some other sources
 of information.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

1 Introduction

 This distribution is a release of FreeBSD 4.9-RELEASE, the latest point
 along the 4-STABLE branch.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 1.1 About FreeBSD

 FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for Intel, AMD, Cyrix
 or NexGen ``x86'' based PC hardware and Compaq (formerly DEC) Alpha
 computers. Versions for the IA64, PowerPC, and Sparc64 architectures are
 currently under development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide variety of
 peripherals and configurations and can be used for everything from
 software development to games to Internet Service Provision.

 This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run such a system,
 including full source code for the kernel and all utilities in the base
 distribution. With the source distribution installed, you can literally
 recompile the entire system from scratch with one command, making it ideal
 for students, researchers, or users who simply want to see how it all
 works.

 A large collection of third-***** ported software (the ``Ports
 Collection'') is also provided to make it easy to obtain and install all
 your favorite traditional UNIX utilities for FreeBSD. Each ``port''
 consists of a set of scripts to retrieve, configure, build, and install a
 piece of software, with a single command. Over 9,200 ports, from editors
 to programming languages to graphical applications, make FreeBSD a
 powerful and comprehensive operating environment that extends far beyond
 what's provided by many commercial versions of UNIX. Most ports are also
 available as pre-compiled ``packages'', which can be quickly installed
 from the installation program.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 1.2 Target Audience

 This release of FreeBSD is suitable for all users. It has undergone a
 period of testing and quality assurance checking to ensure the highest
 reliability and dependability.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

2 Obtaining FreeBSD

 FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section focuses on
 those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a complete FreeBSD
 distribution, rather than updating an existing installation.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 2.1 CDROM and DVD

 FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD from several
 publishers. This is frequently the most convenient way to obtain FreeBSD
 for new installations, as it provides a convenient way to quickly
 reinstall the system if necessary. Some distributions include some of the
 optional, precompiled ``packages'' from the FreeBSD Ports Collection.

 A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the project are listed in
 the ``Obtaining FreeBSD'' appendix to the Handbook.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 2.2 FTP

 You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its optional
 packages from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/, which is the official FreeBSD
 release site, or any of its ``mirrors''.

 Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the FTP Sites
 section of the Handbook, or on the http://www.freebsdmirrors.org/ Web
 pages. Finding a close (in networking terms) mirror from which to download
 the distribution is highly recommended.

 Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact
 <[email protected]> for more details on becoming an official
 mirror site.

 Mirrors generally contain the floppy disk images necessary to begin an
 installation, as well as the distribution files needed for the install
 process itself. Many mirrors also contain the ISO images necessary to
 create a CDROM of a FreeBSD release.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

3 Contacting the FreeBSD Project

 3.1 Email and Mailing Lists

 For any questions or general technical support issues, please send mail to
 the FreeBSD general questions mailing list.

 If you are tracking the -STABLE development efforts, you must join the
 FreeBSD-STABLE mailing list, in order to keep abreast of recent
 developments and changes that may affect the way you use and maintain the
 system.

 Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD Project is always happy to
 have extra hands willing to help--there are already far more desired
 enhancements than there is time to implement them. To contact the
 developers on technical matters, or with offers of help, please send mail
 to the FreeBSD technical discussions mailing list.

 Please note that these mailing lists can experience significant amounts of
 traffic. If you have slow or expensive mail access, or are only interested
 in keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you may find it preferable to
 subscribe instead to the FreeBSD announcements mailing list.

 All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone wishing to do so.
 Visit FreeBSD Mailman Info Page. This will give you more information on
 joining the various lists, accessing archives, etc. There are a number of
 mailing lists targeted at special interest groups not mentioned here; more
 information can be obtained either through majordomo or the mailing lists
 section of the FreeBSD Web site.

 Important: Do not send email to the lists asking to be subscribed. Use
 the <[email protected]> address instead.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 3.2 Submitting Problem Reports

 Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are always
 valued--please do not hesitate to report any problems you may find. Bug
 reports with attached fixes are of course even more welcome.

 The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine with Internet
 mail connectivity is to use the send-pr(1) command or use the Web form at
 http://www.FreeBSD.org/send-pr.html. ``Problem Reports'' (PRs) submitted
 in this way will be filed and their progress tracked; the FreeBSD
 developers will do their best to respond to all reported bugs as soon as
 possible. A list of all active PRs is available on the FreeBSD Web site;
 this list is useful to see what potential problems other users have
 encountered.

 Note that send-pr(1) itself is a shell script that should be easy to move
 even onto a non-FreeBSD system. Using this interface is highly preferred.
 If, for some reason, you are unable to use send-pr(1) to submit a bug
 report, you can try to send it to the FreeBSD problem reports mailing
 list.

 For more information, ``Writing FreeBSD Problem Reports'', available on
 the FreeBSD Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing and
 submitting effective problem reports.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

4 Further Reading

 There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are included
 with this distribution, while others are available on-line or in print
 versions.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 4.1 Release Documentation

 A number of other files provide more specific information about this
 release distribution. These files are provided in various formats. Most
 distributions will include both ASCII text (.TXT) and HTML (.HTM)
 renditions. Some distributions may also include other formats such as
 PostScript (.PS) or Portable Document Format (.PDF).

 * README.TXT: This file, which gives some general information about
 FreeBSD as well as some cursory notes about obtaining a distribution.

 * RELNOTES.TXT: The release notes, showing what's new and different in
 FreeBSD 4.9-RELEASE compared to the previous release (FreeBSD
 4.8-RELEASE).

 * HARDWARE.TXT: The hardware compatability list, showing devices with
 which FreeBSD has been tested and is known to work.

 * INSTALL.TXT: Installation instructions for installing FreeBSD from its
 distribution media.

 * ERRATA.TXT: Release errata. Late-breaking, post-release information
 can be found in this file, which is principally applicable to releases
 (as opposed to snapshots). It is important to consult this file before
 installing a release of FreeBSD, as it contains the latest information
 on problems which have been found and fixed since the release was
 created.

 Note: Several of these documents (in particular, RELNOTES.TXT,
 HARDWARE.TXT, and INSTALL.TXT) contain information that is specific to a
 particular hardware architecture. For example, the alpha release notes
 contain information not applicable to the i386, and vice versa. The
 architecture for which each document applies will be listed in that
 document's title.

 These documents are generally available via the Documentation menu during
 installation. Once the system is installed, you can revisit this menu by
 running the sysinstall(8) utility.

 Note: It is extremely important to read the errata for any given release
 before installing it, to learn about any ``late-breaking news'' or
 post-release problems. The errata file accompanying each release (most
 likely right next to this file) is already out of date by definition,
 but other copies are kept updated on the Internet and should be
 consulted as the ``current errata'' for this release. These other copies
 of the errata are located at http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ (as well
 as any sites which keep up-to-date mirrors of this location).

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 4.2 Manual Pages

 As with almost all UNIX-like operating systems, FreeBSD comes with a set
 of on-line manual pages, accessed through the man(1) command or through
 the hypertext manual pages gateway on the FreeBSD Web site. In general,
 the manual pages provide information on the different commands and APIs
 available to the FreeBSD user.

 In some cases, manual pages are written to give information on particular
 topics. Notable examples of such manual pages are tuning(7) (a guide to
 performance tuning), security(7) (an introduction to FreeBSD security),
 and style(9) (a style guide to kernel coding).

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 4.3 Books and Articles

 Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information, maintained
 by the FreeBSD Project, are the FreeBSD Handbook and FreeBSD FAQ
 (Frequently Asked Questions document). On-line versions of the Handbook
 and FAQ are always available from the FreeBSD Documentation page or its
 mirrors. If you install the doc distribution set, you can use a Web
 browser to read the Handbook and FAQ locally.

 A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by the FreeBSD
 Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics. This material
 spans a wide range of topics, from effective use of the mailing lists, to
 dual-booting FreeBSD with other operating systems, to guidelines for new
 committers. Like the Handbook and FAQ, these documents are available from
 the FreeBSD Documentation Page or in the doc distribution set.

 A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be found in the
 bibliography of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of FreeBSD's strong UNIX
 heritage, many other articles and books written for UNIX systems are
 applicable as well, some of which are also listed in the bibliography.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

5 Acknowledgments

 FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not thousands,
 of individuals from around the world who have worked countless hours to
 bring about this release. For a complete list of FreeBSD developers and
 contributors, please see ``Contributors to FreeBSD'' on the FreeBSD Web
 site or any of its mirrors.

 Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users and testers
 all over the world, without whom this release simply would not have been
 possible.

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------

 This file, and other release-related documents, can be downloaded from
 ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/.

 For questions about FreeBSD, read the documentation before contacting
 <[email protected]>.

 For questions about this documentation, e-mail <[email protected]>.