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使用perl制作数据图表

时间：2010-09-04

来源：互联网

今天看到一篇不错的文章，是利用perl进行制作数据图表，，自己实验下，效果还不错。

1，首先要下载一个 ChartDirector 软件包

下载地址：
http://www.advsofteng.com/download.html

2，安装ChartDirector

QUOTE:

[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf chartdir_perl_linux.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd ChartDirector/
[root@localhost ~]# cp -rf lib/* /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8/

使用 perl -V 查找得到 perl 的@INC，将 lib 下的内容copy到INC的任一路径中。

3，复制以下 perl 制表脚本，保存为 chart_create.pl

[root@localhost ~]# more chart_create.pl

#!/usr/bin/perl
#chart_create.pl
#author: [email protected]
#url: http://supersun.biz
use strict;
use File::Basename;
use lib dirname($0);
use perlchartdir;
use Getopt::Std;
sub line_grap;
sub bar_grap;
sub usage;
my %opts;
getopt('fmtpxy',\%opts);
my $file=$opts{f};
my $mode=$opts{m};
my $title=$opts{t};
my $png_file=$opts{p};
my $x_title=$opts{x};
my $y_title=$opts{y};
$x_title="X" if $x_title eq '';
$y_title="Y" if $y_title eq '';
usage unless $mode eq "line" || $mode eq "bar";
usage if -z $title || -z $png_file;
die "$file isn't exsit\n" unless -f $file;
my $data={};
open FD,$file;
my @entries=<FD>;
my $head=[];
@{$head}=split /\s+/,$entries[0];
foreach my $entry (@entries){
chomp $entry;
my @utils=split /\s+/,$entry;
foreach my $i (0..scalar(@$head)-1){
push @{$data{$head[$i]}},$utils[$i];
}
}
if($mode eq "bar"){
bar_grap($png_file,$title,$x_title,$y_title,$head,$data);
}else{
line_grap($png_file,$title,$x_title,$y_title,$head,$data);
}
sub usage {
print "$0 -f datafile -m line|bar -t graph_title -p image_name\n";
exit;
}
sub line_grap {
my ($file,$head,$x_title,$y_title,$lable,$data)=@_;
my $x_lable_tag=shift @$lable;
print "$x_lable_tag\n";
shift @{$data{$x_lable_tag}};
my @corlor=(0xffff00, 0x00ff00, 0x9999ff, 0xff0000, 0x223366,0xff8800, 0xa0bdc4, 0x999966, 0x333366, 0xc3c3e6);
my $c = new XYChart(1200, 400, 0xffffc0, 0x000000, 1);
$c->setPlotArea(80, 50, 1100, 300, 0xffffff, -1, -1, 0xc0c0c0, -1);
$c->addLegend(45, 12, 0, "", 8)->setBackground($perlchartdir::Transparent);
$c->addTitle($head, "arialbd.ttf", 9, 0xffffff)->setBackground($c->patternColor([0x004000, 0x008000], 2));
$c->yAxis()->setTitle($y_title);
$c->xAxis()->setTitle($x_title);
$c->yAxis()->setLabelFormat("{value}");
$c->xAxis()->setLabels($data{$x_lable_tag});
my $layer = $c->addLineLayer();
foreach my $util (@$lable){
my $col=shift @corlor;
my $tag=shift @{$data{$util}};
$layer->addDataSet($data{$util}, $col, $tag)->setDataSymbol($perlchartdir::SquareSymbol, 7);
}
#$layer->setDataLabelFormat("{value}");
$c->makeChart("$file")
}
sub bar_grap {
my ($file,$head,$x_title,$y_title,$lable,$data)=@_;
my $x_lable_tag= shift @$lable;
print "$x_lable_tag\n";
shift @{$data{$x_lable_tag}};
my @corlor=(0xffff00, 0x00ff00, 0x9999ff, 0xff0000, 0x223366,0xff8800, 0xa0bdc4, 0x999966, 0x333366, 0xc3c3e6);
my $c = new XYChart(1200, 400);
$c->addTitle($head, "", 10);
$c->setPlotArea(80, 50, 1100, 300, 0xffffc0, 0xffffe0);
$c->addLegend(55, 18, 0, "", 8)->setBackground($perlchartdir::Transparent);
$c->yAxis()->setTitle($y_title);
$c->xAxis()->setTitle($x_title);
$c->yAxis()->setTopMargin(20);
$c->xAxis()->setLabels($data{$x_lable_tag});
my $layer = $c->addBarLayer2($perlchartdir::Side, 7);
foreach my $util (@$lable){
my $col=shift @corlor;
my $tag=shift @{$data{$util}};
$layer->addDataSet($data{$util},$col, "$tag");
}
$c->makeChart("$file")
}

复制代码

4，脚本用法如下：

[root@localhost ~]# ./chart_create.pl

QUOTE:

./chart_create.pl -f datafile -m line|bar -t graph_title -p image_name

chart_create.pl -f 数据文件 -m 图表类型 -t 图表标题 -p 图片文件名 -x X轴标题 -y Y轴标题

图表类型为:
bar 柱状图
line 曲线图

数据文件格式如下:
[root@localhost ~]# more data

QUOTE:

date                   v1       v2       v3
20090101             3031132 3253513 3035196
20090102             3610310 3545421 3332149
20090103             3756983 3815154 3997797
20090104             3926538 3875646 3902116
20090105             3905990 4000435 3936811

5，运行此脚本后，制图表如下：