如何让sans-serif,serif,monospace的默认英文字体都是bitstream vera sans？

虽然我在fonts.conf的sans-serif,serif,monospace三项里把bitstream vera sans放在了最上面，还是不能让它成为默认的英文字体，不知何故？

我的fonts.conf

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<!-- /etc/fonts/fonts.conf file to configure system font access -->
<fontconfig>

<!--
DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE.
IT WILL BE REPLACED WHEN FONTCONFIG IS UPDATED.
LOCAL CHANGES BELONG IN 'local.conf'.

The intent of this standard configuration file is to be adequate for
most environments. If you have a reasonably normal environment and
have found problems with this configuration, they are probably
things that others will also want fixed. Please submit any
problems to the fontconfig bugzilla system located at fontconfig.org

Note that the normal 'make install' procedure for fontconfig is to
replace any existing fonts.conf file with the new version. Place
any local customizations in local.conf which this file references.

Keith Packard
-->

<!-- Font directory list configured on Wed Oct 15 11:40:38 EDT 2003 -->

<dir>/usr/share/fonts/local</dir>
<dir>/usr/share/fonts</dir>
<dir>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1</dir> <dir>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/OTF</dir>
<dir>~/.fonts</dir>

<!--
Accept deprecated 'mono' alias, replacing it with 'monospace'
-->
<match target="pattern">
<test qual="any" name="family">
<string>mono</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="assign">
<string>monospace</string>
</edit>
</match>

<!--
Accept alternate 'sans serif' spelling, replacing it with 'sans-serif'
-->
<match target="pattern">
<test qual="any" name="family">
<string>sans serif</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="assign">
<string>sans-serif</string>
</edit>
</match>

<!--
Accept deprecated 'sans' alias, replacing it with 'sans-serif'
-->
<match target="pattern">
<test qual="any" name="family">
<string>sans</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="assign">
<string>sans-serif</string>
</edit>
</match>

<!--
Mark common families with their generics so we'll get
something reasonable
-->

<!--
Serif faces
-->
<alias>
<family>Bitstream Vera Sans</family>
<family>Simsun</family>
<family>DongWen FangSong</family>
<family>DongWen HeiTi</family>
<family>DongWen KaiTi</family>
<family>DongWen SongTi</family>
<family>Tahoma</family>
<family>Times</family>
<family>Times New Roman</family>
<family>Nimbus Roman No9 L</family>
<family>Luxi Serif</family>
<family>Kochi Mincho</family>
<family>AR PL SungtiL GB</family>
<family>AR PL Mingti2L Big5</family>
<family>Baekmuk Batang</family>
<default><family>serif</family></default>
</alias>
<!--
Sans-serif faces
-->
<alias>
<family>Bitstream Vera Sans</family>
<family>Simsun</family>
<family>DongWen FangSong</family>
<family>DongWen HeiTi</family>
<family>DongWen KaiTi</family>
<family>DongWen SongTi</family>
<family>Tahoma</family>
<family>Helvetica</family>
<family>Arial</family>
<family>Verdana</family>
<family>Nimbus Sans L</family>
<family>Luxi Sans</family>
<family>Kochi Gothic</family>
<family>AR PL KaitiM GB</family>
<family>AR PL KaitiM Big5</family>
<family>Baekmuk Dotum</family>
<default><family>sans-serif</family></default>
</alias>
<!--
Monospace faces
-->
<alias>
<family>Bitstream Vera Sans</family>
<family>Simsun</family>
<family>DongWen FangSong</family>
<family>DongWen HeiTi</family>
<family>DongWen KaiTi</family>
<family>DongWen SongTi</family>
<family>Tahoma</family>
<family>Courier</family>
<family>Courier New</family>
<family>Andale Mono</family>
<family>Luxi Mono</family>
<family>Nimbus Mono L</family>
<family>NSimSun</family>
<default><family>monospace</family></default>
</alias>
<!--
If the font still has no generic name, add sans-serif
-->
<match target="pattern">
<test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq">
<string>sans-serif</string>
</test>
<test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq">
<string>serif</string>
</test>
<test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq">
<string>monospace</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="append_last">
<string>sans-serif</string>
</edit>
</match>


<!--
The Bitstream Vera fonts have GASP entries suggesting that hinting be
disabled below 8 ppem, but FreeType ignores those, preferring to use
the data found in the instructed hints. The initial Vera release
didn't include the right instructions in the 'prep' table. Fix this
by disabling hinting manually at smaller sizes (< 8ppem)
-->

<match target="font">
<test name="family">
<string>Bitstream Vera Sans</string>
</test>
<test name="pixelsize" compare="less">
<double>7.5</double>
</test>
<edit name="hinting">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
</match>

<match target="font">
<test name="family">
<string>Bitstream Vera Serif</string>
</test>
<test name="pixelsize" compare="less">
<double>7.5</double>
</test>
<edit name="hinting">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
</match>

<match target="font">
<test name="family">
<string>Bitstream Vera Sans Mono</string>
</test>
<test name="pixelsize" compare="less">
<double>7.5</double>
</test>
<edit name="hinting">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
</match>

<!--
Load per-user customization file
-->
<include ignore_missing="yes">~/.fonts.conf</include>

<!--
Load local system customization file
-->
<include ignore_missing="yes">local.conf</include>

<!--
Alias well known font names to available TrueType fonts
-->
<alias>
<family>Times</family>
<accept><family>Times New Roman</family></accept>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>Helvetica</family>
<accept><family>Verdana</family></accept>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>Arial</family>
<accept><family>Verdana</family></accept>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>Courier</family>
<accept><family>Courier New</family></accept>
</alias>

<!--
Check user preference to avoid bitmap fonts and replace
bitmap face names with equivalent scalable fonts
-->

<match target="pattern">
<test name="prefer_outline">
<bool>true</bool>
</test>
<test name="family">
<string>Helvetica</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same">
<string>Arial</string>
</edit>
</match>

<match target="pattern">
<test name="prefer_outline">
<bool>true</bool>
</test>
<test name="family">
<string>Times</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same">
<string>Times New Roman</string>
</edit>
</match>
<!--
Provide required aliases for standard names
-->
<alias>
<family>serif</family>
<prefer>
<family>Bitstream Vera Sans</family>
<family>Simsun</family>
<family>DongWen FangSong</family>
<family>DongWen HeiTi</family>
<family>DongWen KaiTi</family>
<family>DongWen SongTi</family>
<family>Tahoma</family>
<family>Nimbus Roman No9 L</family>
<family>Times New Roman</family>
<family>Luxi Serif</family>
<family>Times</family>
<family>FrankRuehl</family>
<family>Kochi Mincho</family>
<family>ZYSong18030</family>
<family>AR PL SungtiL GB</family>
<family>AR PL Mingti2L Big5</family>
<family>Baekmuk Batang</family>
</prefer>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>sans-serif</family>
<prefer>
<family>Bitstream Vera Sans</family>
<family>Simsun</family>
<family>DongWen FangSong</family>
<family>DongWen HeiTi</family>
<family>DongWen KaiTi</family>
<family>DongWen SongTi</family>
<family>Tahoma</family>
<family>Luxi Sans</family>
<family>Verdana</family>
<family>Nimbus Sans L</family>
<family>Arial</family>
<family>Helvetica</family>
<family>Nachlieli</family>
<family>Kochi Gothic</family>
<family>ZYSong18030</family>
<family>AR PL SungtiL GB</family>
<family>AR PL Mingti2L Big5</family>
<family>Baekmuk Gulim</family>
</prefer>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>monospace</family>
<prefer>
<family>Bitstream Vera Sans</family>
<family>Simsun</family>
<family>DongWen FangSong</family>
<family>DongWen HeiTi</family>
<family>DongWen KaiTi</family>
<family>DongWen SongTi</family>
<family>Tahoma</family>
<family>Luxi Mono</family>
<family>Bitstream Vera Sans Mono</family>
<family>Andale Mono</family>
<family>Courier New</family>
<family>Miriam Mono</family>
<family>Nimbus Mono L</family>
<family>Kochi Gothic</family>
<family>ZYSong18030</family>
<family>AR PL SungtiL GB</family>
<family>AR PL Mingti2L Big5</family>
<family>Baekmuk Gulim</family>
</prefer>
</alias>

<!--
We can't hint CJK fonts well, so turn off hinting for CJK fonts.
-->

<match target="font">
<test name="family" compare="eq">
<string>Kochi Mincho</string>
</test>
<edit name="hinting" mode="assign">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
<!-- the rh_prefer_bitmaps options (a nonstandard
Red Hat extension), controls whether embedded
bitmaps, when available are preferred
to antialiased rendering. For Japanese,
we prefer antialiased rendering -->
<edit name="rh_prefer_bitmaps" mode="assign">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
</match>

<match target="font">
<test name="family" compare="eq">
<string>Kochi Gothic</string>
</test>
<edit name="hinting" mode="assign">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
<edit name="rh_prefer_bitmaps" mode="assign">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="font">
<test name="family" compare="eq">
<string>Baekmuk Batang</string>
</test>
<edit name="hinting" mode="assign">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="font">
<test name="family" compare="eq">
<string>Baekmuk Dotum</string>
</test>
<edit name="hinting" mode="assign">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="font">
<test name="family" compare="eq">
<string>Baekmuk Gulim</string>
</test>
<edit name="hinting" mode="assign">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="font">
<test name="family" compare="eq">
<string>Baekmuk Headline</string>
</test>
<edit name="hinting" mode="assign">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="font">
<test name="family" compare="eq">
<string>AR PL Mingti2L Big5</string>
</test>
<edit name="hinting" mode="assign">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="font">
<test name="family" compare="eq">
<string>AR PL KaitiM Big5</string>
</test>
<edit name="hinting" mode="assign">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="font">
<test name="family" compare="eq">
<string>AR PL SungtiL GB</string>
</test>
<edit name="hinting" mode="assign">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="font">
<test name="family" compare="eq">
<string>AR PL KaitiM GB</string>
</test>
<edit name="hinting" mode="assign">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="font">
<test name="family" compare="eq">
<string>ZYSong18030></string>
</test>
<edit name="hinting" mode="assign">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
</match>

<!--
Artificial oblique for fonts without an italic or oblique version
-->

<match target="font">
<!-- check to see if the font is roman -->
<test name="slant">
<const>roman</const>
</test>
<!-- check to see if the pattern requested non-roman -->
<test target="pattern" name="slant" compare="not_eq">
<const>roman</const>
</test>
<!-- multiply the matrix to slant the font -->
<edit name="matrix" mode="assign">
<times>
<name>matrix</name>
<matrix><double>1</double><double>0.2</double>
<double>0</double><double>1</double>
</matrix>
</times>
</edit>
<!-- pretend the font is oblique now -->
<edit name="slant" mode="assign">
<const>oblique</const>
</edit>
</match>

<config>
<!--
These are the default Unicode chars that are expected to be blank
in fonts. All other blank chars are assumed to be broken and
won't appear in the resulting charsets
-->
<blank>
<int>0x0020</int> <!-- SPACE -->
<int>0x00a0</int> <!-- NO-BREAK SPACE -->
<int>0x00ad</int> <!-- SOFT HYPHEN -->
<int>0x115f</int> <!-- HANGUL CHOSEONG FILLER -->
<int>0x1160</int> <!-- HANGUL JUNGSEONG FILLER -->
<int>0x1680</int> <!-- OGHAM SPACE MARK -->
<int>0x2000</int> <!-- EN QUAD -->
<int>0x2001</int> <!-- EM QUAD -->
<int>0x2002</int> <!-- EN SPACE -->
<int>0x2003</int> <!-- EM SPACE -->
<int>0x2004</int> <!-- THREE-PER-EM SPACE -->
<int>0x2005</int> <!-- FOUR-PER-EM SPACE -->
<int>0x2006</int> <!-- SIX-PER-EM SPACE -->
<int>0x2007</int> <!-- FIGURE SPACE -->
<int>0x2008</int> <!-- PUNCTUATION SPACE -->
<int>0x2009</int> <!-- THIN SPACE -->
<int>0x200a</int> <!-- HAIR SPACE -->
<int>0x200b</int> <!-- ZERO WIDTH SPACE -->
<int>0x200c</int> <!-- ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER -->
<int>0x200d</int> <!-- ZERO WIDTH JOINER -->
<int>0x200e</int> <!-- LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK -->
<int>0x200f</int> <!-- RIGHT-TO-LEFT MARK -->
<int>0x2028</int> <!-- LINE SEPARATOR -->
<int>0x2029</int> <!-- PARAGRAPH SEPARATOR -->
<int>0x202a</int> <!-- LEFT-TO-RIGHT EMBEDDING -->
<int>0x202b</int> <!-- RIGHT-TO-LEFT EMBEDDING -->
<int>0x202c</int> <!-- POP DIRECTIONAL FORMATTING -->
<int>0x202d</int> <!-- LEFT-TO-RIGHT OVERRIDE -->
<int>0x202e</int> <!-- RIGHT-TO-LEFT OVERRIDE -->
<int>0x202f</int> <!-- NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE -->
<int>0x205f</int> <!-- MEDIUM MATHEMATICAL SPACE -->
<int>0x2060</int> <!-- WORD JOINER -->
<int>0x2061</int> <!-- FUNCTION APPLICATION -->
<int>0x2062</int> <!-- INVISIBLE TIMES -->
<int>0x2063</int> <!-- INVISIBLE SEPARATOR -->
<int>0x206A</int> <!-- INHIBIT SYMMETRIC SWAPPING -->
<int>0x206B</int> <!-- ACTIVATE SYMMETRIC SWAPPING -->
<int>0x206C</int> <!-- INHIBIT ARABIC FORM SHAPING -->
<int>0x206D</int> <!-- ACTIVATE ARABIC FORM SHAPING -->
<int>0x206E</int> <!-- NATIONAL DIGIT SHAPES -->
<int>0x206F</int> <!-- NOMINAL DIGIT SHAPES -->
<int>0x3000</int> <!-- IDEOGRAPHIC SPACE -->
<int>0x3164</int> <!-- HANGUL FILLER -->
<int>0xfeff</int> <!-- ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE -->
<int>0xffa0</int> <!-- HALFWIDTH HANGUL FILLER -->
<int>0xfff9</int> <!-- INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION ANCHOR -->
<int>0xfffa</int> <!-- INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION SEPARATOR -->
<int>0xfffb</int> <!-- INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION TERMINATOR -->
</blank>
<!--
Rescan configuration every 30 seconds when FcFontSetList is called
-->
<rescan>
<int>30</int>
</rescan>
</config>

</fontconfig>

monospace 最好用的bitstream vera mono
请确定的你的字体路径是否加入了。。。。
另外我发现只有在选上它时才能使之成默认字体，
gnome control center中依次选上
bitstream vera sans
bitstream vera sans
bitstream vera sans
bitstream vara mono
你的字体设置没有去掉反锯齿，英文字体bitstream 字体会比较模糊，与simsun不相称，，，

先谢谢hantsy兄了，呵呵
好像好些程序默认的字体都是serif或者sans,sans-serif等，比如mozilla，这几个字体族的默认英文字体又不受gnome控制中心的约束，这样看来，只有把这三个字体族的默认英文字体改掉才行，不知兄台有没有好的办法

mozilla,opera等程序要改变字体还是很容易的，分别设置中文字体，英文字体即可，(如tahoma,simsun,选上总应用这些字体，效果和win没有什么差别)

thanks! 暂时就这样了