求助：在 VMware 装 gentoo 又出问题了， 不能挂载系统文件。。。。

linux-2.6.28-gentoo,装完grub重启后出错：


提示无法挂载文件。。。。。。。，在虚拟机中硬盘我选了IDE的，没选sata的，所以是/dev/hda没错。


#-------用gentoo 的 cd 重启，检查-------------------


#------1.检查分区情况
ivecd gentoo # fdisk /dev/hda

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 17753.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/hda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
15 heads, 63 sectors/track, 17753 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 945 * 512 = 483840 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x3e7a3cd8

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/hda1 * 1 16535 7812756 83 Linux
/dev/hda2 16536 17753 575505 82 Linux swap / Solaris

Command (m for help):

#------------2.检查fstab的配置

livecd ~ # mount /dev/hda1 /mnt/gentoo
livecd ~ # cd /mnt/gentoo
livecd gentoo # ls
bin dev home lost+found opt proc sbin tmp var
boot etc lib mnt portage root sys usr

##查看fstab

nano -w /etc/fstab

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# noatime turns off atimes for increased performance (atimes normally aren't
# needed; notail increases performance of ReiserFS (at the expense of storage
# efficiency). It's safe to drop the noatime options if you want and to
# switch between notail / tail freely.
#
# The root filesystem should have a pass number of either 0 or 1.
# All other filesystems should have a pass number of 0 or greater than 1.
#
# See the manpage fstab(5) for more information.
#

# <fs> <mountpoint> <type> <opts> <dump/pass>

# NOTE: If your BOOT partition is ReiserFS, add the notail option to opts.
#/dev/BOOT /boot ext2 noauto,noatime 1 2
/dev/hda1 / ext3 noatime 0 1
/dev/hda2 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/cdroms/cdrom0 /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,ro 0 0
#/dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy auto noauto 0 0
# NOTE: The next line is critical for boot!
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
# glibc 2.2 and above expects tmpfs to be mounted at /dev/shm for
# POSIX shared memory (shm_open, shm_unlink).
# (tmpfs is a dynamically expandable/shrinkable ramdisk, and will
# use almost no memory if not populated with files)
shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0


#----------3.检查grub.config配置

nano -w /boot/grub/grub.conf


This is a sample grub.conf for use with Genkernel, per the Gentoo handbook
# http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handboo...p=10#doc_chap2
# If you are not using Genkernel and you need help creating this file, you
# should consult the handbook. Alternatively, consult the grub.conf.sample that
# is included with the Grub documentation.

default 0
timeout 30
splashimage=(hd0,0)/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz

#title Gentoo Linux 2.6.24-r5
#root (hd0,0)
#kernel /boot/kernel-genkernel-x86-2.6.24-gentoo-r5 root=/dev/ram0 real_root=/dev/sda3
splash=verbose,splash=silent,kdgraphics,theme:livecd-2008.0
CONSOLE=/dev/tty1
#initrd /boot/initramfs-genkernel-x86-2.6.24-gentoo-r5

# vim:ft=conf:

title Gentoo
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/linux-2.6.28-gentoo root=/dev/hda1 nomce

#----------4.显示内核版本

显示内核版本：
livecd gentoo # ls -l ./usr/src/linux
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Jan 2 21:45 ./usr/src/linux -> linux-2.6.28-gentoo
livecd gentoo #

键盘上两个灯一直在闪~~~~~~~~~

#title Gentoo Linux 2.6.24-r5
#root (hd0,0)
#kernel /boot/kernel-genkernel-x86-2.6.24-gentoo-r5 root=/dev/ram0 real_root=/dev/sda3

请修改real_root的内容。

我改成下面这个了还是不行啊.

title Gentoo
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/linux-2.6.28-gentoo root=/dev/hda1 real_root=/dev/hda1 nomce

不好意思，看错了，我还以为你是用genkernel 配置的内核呢。

还有，你的虚拟机选择的是IDE和SATA没有什么关系，内核默认就是/dev/sda....这种类型的。因为现在IDE硬盘也是可以使用sda...的，而且是推荐的。除非你在编译内核的时候改过下面这项：
Device Drivers --->
< > ATA/ATAPI/MFM/RLL support --->
<*> Serial ATA (prod) and Parallel ATA (experimental) drivers --->

上面是默认的，如果你要使用hda...这种，那你必须把第一项选中。

所以我觉的你应该还是sda的。

试试：

title Gentoo
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/linux-2.6.28-gentoo root=/dev/sda1 nomce

顺便检查一下编译内核时有没有加上ext3分区的支持。

我编内核时 进去了 就直接保存了，什么配置都没改到。。。。。

试试：

title Gentoo
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/linux-2.6.28-gentoo root=/dev/sda1 nomce



错误一样，刚才从新装了一遍，用虚拟机用默认的scsi接口的硬盘，错误还是一样。。。。。

fstab也要改的。

刚才从新装了一次 。，用VMwera的默认的scsi接口的，现象一样，
教程我是参照这里的，
http://linux.chinaunix.net/techdoc/i.../1016005.shtml



是不是内核编译选项不对，内核编译时，我进去了就直接保存，什么选项都没动到。。。。

我以前安装过，没问题，但是前天我装了一天，也没有装好，和楼主的问题一样。不知道哪里错了。

你用的也是VMware来装？

那应该就是这个问题了,貌似内核默认是没有打开ext3支持的.你去看一下吧,把ext3 编入内核就可以了.

我检查过了。系统文件选项 EXT3的 都选上了。。。。。

我前几天在vmware中也出现这个问题，我是这样解决的,把/etc/fstab 中的hda* 全该成sda*，然后修改/boot/grub/grub.conf 中root=/dev/sda(注：你的根分区) 即可。

我也是这样做的，用Minimal CD安装的时候是hda，但启动时是sda。

--------------------
fstab中：

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# noatime turns off atimes for increased performance (atimes normally aren't
# needed; notail increases performance of ReiserFS (at the expense of storage
# efficiency). It's safe to drop the noatime options if you want and to
# switch between notail / tail freely.
#
# The root filesystem should have a pass number of either 0 or 1.
# All other filesystems should have a pass number of 0 or greater than 1.
#
# See the manpage fstab(5) for more information.
#

# <fs> <mountpoint> <type> <opts> <dump/pass>

# NOTE: If your BOOT partition is ReiserFS, add the notail option to opts.
/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/sda1 / ext3 noatime 0 1

#none /proc proc defaults 0 0
#none /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
/dev/cdroms/cdrom0 /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0

#/dev/sda3 /windows/C ntfs rw,users,gid=users,umask=0002,nls=utf8 0 0
#/dev/sda4 /windows/D vfat defaults,iocharset=utf8,umask=0002,codepage=936 0 0

#/dev/sdb1 /mnt/usb auto noatime,noauto,user,rw,iocharset=utf8 0 0
#/dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy auto noauto 0 0

# NOTE: The next line is critical for boot!
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0


# glibc 2.2 and above expects tmpfs to be mounted at /dev/shm for
# POSIX shared memory (shm_open, shm_unlink).
# (tmpfs is a dynamically expandable/shrinkable ramdisk, and will
# use almost no memory if not populated with files)
shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0

--------------------------
GRUB中：

default 0
timeout 5

splashimage=(hd0,0)/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz

#title Gentoo Linux (gensplash)
#root (hd0,0)
#kernel /boot/linux-2.6.21-gentoo root=/dev/sda1 nomce doscsi
#kernel /boot/linux-2.6.21-gentoo root=/dev/sda1 video=vesafb:mtrr:3,ywrap, doscsi , splash=verbose,splash=silent,kdgraphics,theme:livecd-2007.0 #vga=792 quiet CONSOLE=/dev/tty1
#initrd (hd0,0)/boot/fbsplash-livecd-2006.1-1024x768

title Gentoo
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/linux-2.6.28-gentoo root=/dev/sda1 nomce doscsi

---------------------------------------

我第二次装的时候， 用的就是scsi 了，上面就是配置，问题依然。。。

我已经完全照这里http://linux.chinaunix.net/techdoc/i...

应该是内核问题。。。。。。

贴出你的内核配置文件 .config 吧！！

是这个？？？？？？


nano -w /mnt/gentoo/etc/make.conf
文件内容可以参考 /mnt/gentoo/etc/make.conf.example或者以下我的配置文件：
CFLAGS="-march=i686 -pipe -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer"
CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"
MAKEOPTS="-j2"
LDFLAGS="-Wl,-O1"
CHOST="i686-pc-linux-gnu"
FEATURES="sandbox ccache parallel-fetch"
CCACHE_SIZE="2G"
CCACHE_DIR="/var/tmp/ccache/"
LINGUAS="zh_CN"
AUTOCLEAN="yes"
#COMPILER="gcc3"

USE="7zip X aac acpi alsa arts amr asf audiofile avi bash-completion \
browserplugin bzip2 cairo cdparanoia cjk dbus directfb divx4linux divx \
dv dvb dvd dvdr dvdread encode esd fbcon flac ffmpeg firefox gif \
hal immqt jabber java javascript jpeg2k jpeg kde mad mono mp3 mp4 mpeg \
mikmod mozbranding musepack mplayer mmx nls nptl nptlonly nsplugin moznopango \
ogg opengl oss pdf portaudio png qt3 quicktime rar real samba sox speex sse \
truetype udev unicode usb vorbis wavpack win32codecs wma x264 xcomposite \
xine xv xvid zeroconf -accessibility -aim -altivec -bidi -bluetooth -cdr \
-canna -gnome -gstreamer -ipv6 -zlib "

#cdr bluetooth sse mmx nvidia

ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="~x86"
FETCHCOMMAND="/usr/bin/wget -t 5 -T 60 --passive-ftp \${URI} -P \${DISTDIR}"
RESUMECOMMAND="/usr/bin/wget -c -t 5 -T 60 --passive-ftp \${URI} -P \${DISTDIR}"
#PORTDIR_OVERLAY="/usr/local/portage"
#ALSA_CARDS="via82xx"
#VIDEO_CARDS="nv"
INPUT_DEVICES="keyboard mouse"
#DISTDIR="/var/distfiles"
#http_proxy="165.228.129.10:3128"
#GENTOO_MIRRORS="http://mirror.gentoo.gr.jp/"
GENTOO_MIRRORS="http://61.135.158.199/"
SYNC="rsync://61.135.158.199/gentoo-portage"

不是，内核配置的文件。
一般在
/usr/src/linux/.config

提取出来了：

看来是VMware 这东西模拟的硬件的问题，真的不是很熟。
验证内核的这个几个选项（选上它到内核，不要是模块）。希望可以

Device Drivers --->
SCSI device support --->
<*> SCSI device support
<*> SCSI disk support
SCSI low-level drivers --->
<*> BusLogic SCSI support

#
# File systems
#
# CONFIG_EXT2_FS is not set
CONFIG_EXT3_FS=y
CONFIG_EXT3_FS_XATTR=y
CONFIG_EXT3_FS_POSIX_ACL=y
CONFIG_EXT3_FS_SECURITY=y
# CONFIG_EXT4_FS is not set
CONFIG_JBD=y
# CONFIG_JBD_DEBUG is not set
CONFIG_FS_MBCACHE=y
# CONFIG_REISERFS_FS is not set
# CONFIG_JFS_FS is not set
CONFIG_FS_POSIX_ACL=y
CONFIG_FILE_LOCKING=y
# CONFIG_XFS_FS is not set
# CONFIG_OCFS2_FS is not set
CONFIG_DNOTIFY=y
CONFIG_INOTIFY=y
CONFIG_INOTIFY_USER=y
CONFIG_QUOTA=y
CONFIG_QUOTA_NETLINK_INTERFACE=y
# CONFIG_PRINT_QUOTA_WARNING is not set
# CONFIG_QFMT_V1 is not set
CONFIG_QFMT_V2=y
CONFIG_QUOTACTL=y
# CONFIG_AUTOFS_FS is not set
CONFIG_AUTOFS4_FS=y
# CONFIG_FUSE_FS is not set
CONFIG_GENERIC_ACL=y

#
# CD-ROM/DVD Filesystems
#

我来找别扭
s/标题: 求助：在 VMware 装 gentoo 又出问题了， 不能挂载系统文件。。。。/标题: 求助：在 VMware 装 gentoo 又出问题了， 不能挂载文件系统。。。。

直接genkernel完事

把硬盘改成IDE，然后把grub.conf中的root=/dev/hda1改回root=/dev/sda1，再把/etc/fstab中的hda改回sda，这样就可以啦。

这个好像是vmware的问题。我是这样解决的。

这个原因应该是内核编译的时候 驱动没选择对
你用lspci看看你的scsi control 的型号，然后menuconfig 的时候选则对应的 就可以了。

....................

虚拟机 我分别用IDE,
SATA，这两个配置都试过了，问题都一样。

..................up.

检查一下这个文件有没有问题.

唉！！还在up...
兄弟，我根据以前所有人提示的总结一下，请你一次性试（就用SCSI好了，千万不要改了，要不然又白费了）。
一、VMWare配置
1.Virtual Disk Type: SCSI
2.I/O adapter types / SCSI Adapters：Bus Logic（非常重要）
二、内核配置
1.非常重要，这个我以前回帖说过了，可惜你让我对着空气说话。
Device Drivers --->
SCSI device support ---> （除了下面的几项外，关闭这项下面的所有其它选项）
<*> SCSI disk support
SCSI low-level drivers --->
<*> BusLogic SCSI support
三、grub和fstab
根据你的安装分区来设置，这里要说明的是请使用sda.....，不要再用hda....，后者已经不再建议使用了（除非你强制在内核里面开启，因为默认是关闭的，例如我的一台是五年前电脑，的IDE的，但也是使用sda），《还有请你修改安装分区的时候一定要grub和fstab一起改，不要改了这个忘了另外一个》。

注：如果还是有问题，请贴出你的当次的错误信息，和你第一次一样，有图最好了。

刚刚试过，这个能解决问题。

我参考了 http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t...fs+vmware.html

GRUB loading stage 1.5
GRUB loading， please wait...

屏幕出现这段文字之后，系统停止，..........................









-------------------------------------------------------------
livecd ~ # fdisk -l /dev/sda

Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x895e2be6

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 913 7333641 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 914 1044 1052257+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris

-------------------------------------------------------------
livecd ~ #nano -w /etc/fstab

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# noatime turns off atimes for increased performance (atimes normally aren't
# needed; notail increases performance of ReiserFS (at the expense of storage
# efficiency). It's safe to drop the noatime options if you want and to
# switch between notail / tail freely.
#
# The root filesystem should have a pass number of either 0 or 1.
# All other filesystems should have a pass number of 0 or greater than 1.
#
# See the manpage fstab(5) for more information.
#

# <fs> <mountpoint> <type> <opts> <dump/p$

# NOTE: If your BOOT partition is ReiserFS, add the notail option to opts.
#/dev/sad1 /boot ext3 noauto,noatime 1 2
/dev/sad1 / ext3 noatime 0 1
/dev/sad2 none swap sw 0 0
#/dev/cdroms/cdrom0 /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
#/dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy auto noauto 0 0
# NOTE: The next line is critical for boot!
#proc /proc proc defaults 0 0

# glibc 2.2 and above expects tmpfs to be mounted at /dev/shm for
# POSIX shared memory (shm_open, shm_unlink).
# (tmpfs is a dynamically expandable/shrinkable ramdisk, and will
# use almost no memory if not populated with files)
shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

nano -w /boot/grub/grub.conf

# This is a sample grub.conf for use with Genkernel, per the Gentoo handbook
# http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-x86.xml?part=1&chap=10#doc_cha$
# If you are not using Genkernel and you need help creating this file, you
# should consult the handbook. Alternatively, consult the grub.conf.sample that
# is included with the Grub documentation.

default 0
timeout 5
#splashimage=(hd0,0)/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz

#title Gentoo Linux 2.6.24-r5
#root (hd0,0)
#kernel /boot/kernel-genkernel-x86-2.6.24-gentoo-r5 root=/dev/ram0 real_root=/d$
#initrd /boot/initramfs-genkernel-x86-2.6.24-gentoo-r5

# vim:ft=conf:
titl Gentoo Linux 2.6.24-r5
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/linux-2.6.28-gentoo root=/dev/sda1 nomce doscsi

--------------------------------
livecd / # ls -l ./usr/src/linux
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Jan 14 23:48 ./usr/src/linux -> linux-2.6.28-gentoo

fstab
是不是这个的问题?
shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0


环境
VMware6.0.0, floppy关掉了从硬盘启动。。。。。。。。。grub1.5还是卡住

在grub未进入之前出现问题最好还是想一下你的grub安装到底有没有问题？这时候内核还没有载入！

那个教程完全就是照着官文档COPY的。。

确认grub.conf无误后,不要那些乱七八糟的东西，像下面这样就行
default 0
timeout 3

title Gentoo
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/linux-2.6.28-gentoo root=/dev/sda1

执行
#grep -v /proc/mounts > /etc/mtab
#grub-install --no-floppy /dev/sda