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python UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters 解决方法

时间：2011-02-10

来源：互联网

本帖最后由阳光boyer 于 2011-02-10 11:57 编辑

python UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters 详解
新建一个test.py

#coding:utf-8
s='nihao中国'.decode('utf-8')
print type(s)
print s

复制代码

执行错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
<type 'unicode'>
File "/home/sdm/work/code/datadeal/tran_client/test_encode.py", line 5, in <module>
print s
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 5-6: ordinal not in range(12

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修改如下
#coding:utf-8
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')

s='nihao中国'.decode('utf-8')
print type(s)
print s
---------一切正常-------
<type 'unicode'>
nihao中国

---------------------------
修改如下：

#coding:utf-8
import sys
reload(sys)
#sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
s='nihao中国'.decode('utf-8')
print type(s)
fn='/tmp/test.txt'
f=open(fn,'w')
f.write(s)
f.close()
print open(fn).read()

复制代码

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报错
<type 'unicode'>
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test_encode.py", line 11, in <module>
f.write(s)
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 5-6: ordinal not in range(12

-------------------------
说明 sys.setdefaultencoding
修改了默认的 unicode.encode 编码行为
sys 为何reload 才有 sys.setdefaultencoding
-------
#coding:utf-8
import sys
#reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
-----------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test_encode.py", line 4, in <module>
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'setdefaultencoding'
--------------------
grep -r -i 'setdefaultencoding' /usr/lib/python2.6
会看到
/usr/lib/python2.6/site.py: sys.setdefaultencoding(encoding) # Needs Python Unicode build !
/usr/lib/python2.6/site.py: # Remove sys.setdefaultencoding() so that users cannot change the
/usr/lib/python2.6/site.py: if hasattr(sys, "setdefaultencoding"